Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2024 Feb 1;36(1):10-16. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001309. Epub 2023 Nov 16.
This review evaluates the current evidence for relationships of social factors with childhood obesity and for a role of social care in reduction of childhood obesity.
Most literature on the relationship between social factors and childhood obesity has examined food insecurity as a risk factor for obesity. Associations between food insecurity and excess weight in children are most consistent during infancy and among those with food insecurity at more than one time point. A few pilot food security interventions that link patients with produce or groceries show feasibility and potential promise for reducing childhood obesity risk factors. However, full-scale, randomized studies to examine interventions that reduce social needs and their effects on childhood obesity are lacking. Future research is needed to examine holistic social care approaches to effectively reduce childhood obesity risk factors.
Food insecurity acts as a barrier to childhood obesity prevention and treatment. Patient-centered, validated measures of social needs and effective interventions to address social needs are needed to equitably prevent and treat childhood obesity.
目的综述：本文评估了社会因素与儿童肥胖之间关系的现有证据，以及社会关怀在减少儿童肥胖方面的作用。
最新发现：大多数关于社会因素与儿童肥胖之间关系的文献都将食物不安全视为肥胖的一个风险因素。在婴儿期以及在多个时间点存在食物不安全的人群中，食物不安全与超重之间的关联最为一致。一些将患者与农产品或食品杂货联系起来的试点食品安全干预措施显示出了可行性和减少儿童肥胖风险因素的潜力。然而，缺乏大规模、随机研究来检验可以减少社会需求及其对儿童肥胖影响的干预措施。需要进一步的研究来检验全面的社会关怀方法，以有效地减少儿童肥胖的风险因素。
总结：食物不安全是儿童肥胖预防和治疗的障碍。需要以患者为中心、经过验证的社会需求衡量标准以及解决社会需求的有效干预措施，以公平地预防和治疗儿童肥胖。
