Jiang Feng, Zhou Jin-Long, Zhou Yin-Zhu, Sun Ying, Han Shuang-Bao, Lu Han
College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center, Urumqi 830052, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Nov 8;44(11):6050-6061. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202211078.
Groundwater is an important water supply source for production and life in arid and semi-arid areas. This study revealed the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Barkol-Yiwu Basin of Xinjiang and analyzed the pollution sources, which is of great significance in the sustainable utilization of local groundwater. Four spring water samples, 20 unconfined groundwater samples, and 11 confined groundwater samples collected in August 2022 were analyzed using mathematical statistics, a graphic method, and the PCA-APCS-MLR model. The results showed that the chemical types of groundwater in the study area were complex and diverse. The spring water was mainly HCO·SO-Na·Ca type groundwater, the chemical types of unconfined groundwater were mainly HCO·SO-Na·Ca and HCO·SO-Ca, and the chemical types of confined groundwater were HCO·SO-Na·Ca and HCO·Cl·SO-Na·Ca. The hydrochemical type of confined water in unused land was single(Cl·SO-Na·Ca), and the hydrochemical types of confined groundwater in cultivated land and urban and rural residential land were complex, indicating that groundwater was affected by human activities. The evolution process of groundwater was mainly affected by water-rock interactions and cationic exchange. The cation exchange from spring water to unconfined groundwater to confined groundwater was gradually enhanced, the weathering and dissolution of gypsum and anhydrite was gradually weakened, and the weathering and dissolution of rock salt was gradually strengthened. Leaching-enrichment(mainly the dissolution of evaporite), human activities(industrial, agricultural, and domestic pollution), and the primary geological environment were the main factors affecting groundwater in the study area.
地下水是干旱和半干旱地区生产生活的重要供水水源。本研究揭示了新疆巴里坤—伊吾盆地地下水的水化学特征并分析了污染源，这对当地地下水的可持续利用具有重要意义。采用数理统计、图解法及PCA-APCS-MLR模型，对2022年8月采集的4件泉水样品、20件潜水样品和11件承压水样品进行了分析。结果表明，研究区地下水化学类型复杂多样。泉水主要为HCO·SO-Na·Ca型地下水，潜水化学类型主要为HCO·SO-Na·Ca和HCO·SO-Ca，承压水化学类型为HCO·SO-Na·Ca和HCO·Cl·SO-Na·Ca。未利用地承压水化学类型单一（Cl·SO-Na·Ca），耕地及城乡居民用地承压水化学类型复杂，表明地下水受到了人类活动的影响。地下水的演化过程主要受水岩相互作用和阳离子交换影响。从泉水到潜水再到承压水，阳离子交换作用逐渐增强，石膏和硬石膏的风化溶解作用逐渐减弱，岩盐的风化溶解作用逐渐增强。淋滤富集作用（主要为蒸发岩溶解）、人类活动（工业、农业及生活污染）及原生地质环境是研究区影响地下水的主要因素。
