Rafii M, Firooznia H, Bonamo J J, Minkoff J, Golimbu C
Radiology. 1987 Feb;162(2):559-64. doi: 10.1148/radiology.162.2.3797672.
Forty-three professional and amateur athletes with persistent shoulder pain that interfered with their sports activities were evaluated by computed tomographic (CT) arthrography. In 19 patients, glenohumeral instability (14 anterior, two posterior, three multidirectional) was diagnosed with CT arthrography based on the simultaneous presence of labral and capsular lesions. The findings were crucial in establishing the diagnosis of instability in six patients in whom the condition was not suggested or could not be confirmed clinically. Another significant injury consisted of labral lesions not associated with glenohumeral instability. These tears often involved the anterior and parasuperior segments of this structure. Other, less frequently detected lesions included segmental labral enlargement and several labra with abnormal orientation (everted labrum). Early onset of degenerative disease was present in many athletes, especially those with a long history of sports activity. CT arthrographic findings were correlated with arthroscopic or surgical results in 19 patients.
43名患有持续性肩部疼痛且影响其体育活动的职业和业余运动员接受了计算机断层扫描（CT）关节造影评估。在19名患者中，根据盂唇和关节囊病变同时存在，通过CT关节造影诊断为盂肱关节不稳（14例为前向不稳，2例为后向不稳，3例为多方向不稳）。这些发现对于6例临床未提示或无法确诊不稳情况的患者确立诊断至关重要。另一类重要损伤为与盂肱关节不稳无关的盂唇病变。这些撕裂常累及该结构的前部和上旁段。其他较少见的病变包括节段性盂唇增大和几个方向异常的盂唇（盂唇翻转）。许多运动员存在早期退行性疾病，尤其是那些有长期体育活动史的运动员。19名患者的CT关节造影结果与关节镜或手术结果相关。
