Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
Gait Posture. 2024 Feb;108:28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.11.006. Epub 2023 Nov 15.
Although the effects of footwear type on joint stiffness have previously been investigated, researchers did not consider foot flexibility. Thus, the present investigation aimed to determine the interaction effects of footwear type, static navicular drop and dynamic ankle pronation on dynamic joint stiffness in running.
Does the footwear types in interaction with the foot posture affect the stiffness of the joints of the lower limb?
Forty-seven male individuals participated in this study. Firstly, they were divided into the high navicular, low navicular, and normal navicular drop. Secondly, they were divided into the high dynamic ankle pronation, low dynamic ankle pronation, and normal dynamic ankle pronation groups. Participants performed three running trials at 3 ± 0.2 m/s at minimalist footwear, conventional footwear, and barefoot conditions. We collected the ground reaction forces and three-dimensional kinematic data and calculated joint stiffness over the stance phase.
There was no significant main effect of navicular drop or dynamic ankle pronation on dynamic joint stiffness for the ankle, knee, and hip (p > 0.05). However, footwear type significantly affected dynamic joint stiffness. The pairwise comparison revealed that the ankle and hip dynamic joint stiffness magnitudes in the conventional footwear condition were greater than in the barefoot and minimalist footwear conditions (p 0.001). In contrast, the knee dynamic joint stiffness magnitude in the conventional footwear condition was lesser than in barefoot and minimalist footwear conditions (p 0.001).
The navicular drop or dynamic ankle pronation did not influence lower limb joint stiffness, and there was no significant interaction between navicular drop or dynamic ankle pronation and footwear on lower limb dynamic joint stiffness. However, conventional footwear increased the ankle and hip dynamic joint stiffness while reducing knee dynamic joint stiffness, leading to changes in transfer energy, which could have implications for relative injury risk.
尽管之前已经研究了鞋类类型对关节刚度的影响，但研究人员并未考虑足的灵活性。因此，本研究旨在确定鞋类类型、静态足弓下降和动态踝关节内翻与跑步时动态关节刚度的相互作用效应。
鞋类类型与足姿势的相互作用是否会影响下肢关节的刚度？
47 名男性个体参与了这项研究。首先，他们被分为高足弓、低足弓和正常足弓下降组。其次，他们被分为高动态踝关节内翻、低动态踝关节内翻和正常动态踝关节内翻组。参与者以 3±0.2m/s 的速度在极简主义鞋类、传统鞋类和赤脚条件下进行了三次跑步试验。我们收集了地面反作用力和三维运动学数据，并计算了站立阶段的关节刚度。
足弓下降或动态踝关节内翻对踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的动态关节刚度均无显著主效应（p>0.05）。然而，鞋类类型对动态关节刚度有显著影响。两两比较显示，传统鞋类条件下的踝关节和髋关节动态关节刚度大于赤脚和极简主义鞋类条件（p<0.001）。相反，传统鞋类条件下的膝关节动态关节刚度小于赤脚和极简主义鞋类条件（p<0.001）。
足弓下降或动态踝关节内翻不会影响下肢关节刚度，足弓下降或动态踝关节内翻与鞋类之间没有显著的相互作用对下肢动态关节刚度有影响。然而，传统鞋类增加了踝关节和髋关节的动态关节刚度，同时降低了膝关节的动态关节刚度，导致传递能量发生变化，这可能对相对受伤风险产生影响。
