Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, AL, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jan 20;909:168660. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168660. Epub 2023 Nov 17.
Soil salinity is one of the major yield-limiting factors in the coastal ecosystems of Bangladesh. An efficient fertilizer management practice and selection of appropriate crop cultivars could play a crucial role in improving yield and promoting low-carbon agriculture across saline soils. A two-year multi-location field experiment was conducted during the Boro (dry) season (December-April) to investigate the effects of fertilizer management and rice cultivar selection on rice yield, economic viability, and global warming potential (GWP) in coastal saline soils of Bangladesh. The study included seven fertilizer treatments with varying nitrogen rates and sources, as well as two rice cultivars (BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan88). The results showed that integrated nutrient management-2 (INM-2) significantly (p < 0.05) increased rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency compared to other treatments for both BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan88. Similarly, INM-2 gave a higher return on fertilizer investment and marginal benefit-cost ratio than other treatments in both locations and under both cultivars. BRRI dhan67 significantly (p < 0.05) increased rice yield relative to BRRI dhan88 by 21 % and 52 % at the BRRI farm and Kaliganj in Satkhira, respectively. The cost-dominant analysis excluded BRRI dhan88 and all fertilizer treatments, except urea deep placement (UDP) and INM-2, from consideration in both locations. Consequently, INM-2 and UDP proved to be economically viable in both locations, with INM showing a higher marginal rate of return than UDP in BRRI dhan67. In terms of environmental sustainability, UDP significantly (p < 0.05) reduced GWP and yield-scaled emissions of CH by 31 % and 38 % without causing yield loss compared to INM-2. Similarly, BRRI dhan67 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced GWP and yield-scaled emissions of CH by 5 and 22 % compared to BRRI dhan88. These findings suggest that selecting salt-tolerant rice cultivars and implementing appropriate fertilizer management practices can enhance economic profitability, ensure food security, and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change in coastal saline soils.
土壤盐度是孟加拉国沿海生态系统中主要的产量限制因素之一。有效的肥料管理实践和适当作物品种的选择可以在提高产量和促进沿海盐渍土的低碳农业方面发挥关键作用。在孟加拉国沿海盐渍土上，进行了为期两年的多点田间试验，在孟加拉国沿海盐渍土上，在波罗（旱季）（12 月至 4 月）期间，研究了肥料管理和水稻品种选择对水稻产量、经济可行性和全球变暖潜力（GWP）的影响。该研究包括七种不同氮素水平和来源的肥料处理，以及两种水稻品种（BRRI dhan67 和 BRRI dhan88）。结果表明，与其他处理相比，综合养分管理-2（INM-2）显著（p<0.05）提高了水稻产量和氮素利用效率，无论是在 BRRI dhan67 还是 BRRI dhan88 品种上都是如此。同样，在两个地点和两个品种下，INM-2 的肥料投资回报率和边际成本效益比都高于其他处理。BRRI dhan67 分别比 BRRI dhan88 显著（p<0.05）提高了 21%和 52%的水稻产量，在 BRRI 农场和 Satkhira 的 Kaliganj。成本主导分析排除了 BRRI dhan88 和除尿素深施（UDP）和 INM-2 以外的所有肥料处理，在两个地点均不予考虑。因此，INM-2 和 UDP 在两个地点都具有经济可行性，INM 在 BRRI dhan67 上的边际回报率高于 UDP。在环境可持续性方面，与 INM-2 相比，UDP 显著（p<0.05）降低了 GWP 和产量标准化 CH 排放，分别降低了 31%和 38%，而不会导致产量损失。同样，与 BRRI dhan88 相比，BRRI dhan67 显著（p<0.05）降低了 GWP 和产量标准化 CH 排放，分别降低了 5%和 22%。这些发现表明，选择耐盐水稻品种和实施适当的肥料管理实践可以提高经济效益，确保粮食安全，并减轻沿海盐渍土中气候变化的不利影响。
