美国的“新时代”疗法

'New age' healing in the U.S.

作者信息

Levin J S, Coreil J

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 1986;23(9):889-97. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(86)90217-0.

Abstract

This paper provides a conceptual overview of the 'New Age' phenomenon and of 'New age healing,' concepts which have gone virtually unaddressed in social science research, health-related or otherwise. First, drawing upon diverse sources, the authors attempt to define 'New age,' after which they discuss those medical, spiritual, and sociocultural developments which help account for the rise of new age healing in the U.S. Next, a comprehensive review of over a dozen schemata of healing, healers, and medical systems fails to provide a satisfactory classification of new age healing. Finally, by analyzing data derived from primary and secondary source materials on 81 healing systems or techniques identifying themselves with the new age, a typology of new age healing itself is inductively generated. Three general modes are found: mental or physical self-betterment, esoteric teachings, and contemplative practice. These types of new age healing place primary emphasis, respectively, on body, mind and soul.

摘要

本文对“新时代”现象和“新时代疗法”进行了概念性概述，这些概念在社会科学研究（无论是与健康相关的还是其他方面的）中几乎未被涉及。首先，作者借鉴多种资料来源试图定义“新时代”，之后讨论那些有助于解释美国新时代疗法兴起的医学、精神和社会文化发展情况。接下来，对十几个关于治疗、治疗师和医疗体系的模式进行全面回顾，却未能为新时代疗法提供令人满意的分类。最后，通过分析来自81种自认为属于新时代的治疗体系或技术的一手和二手资料的数据，归纳得出了新时代疗法本身的一种类型学。发现了三种一般模式：心理或身体的自我提升、深奥教义和冥想修行。这些类型的新时代疗法分别主要强调身体、思想和灵魂。