Lee Shao-Hung, Choe Dong-Hwan, Rust Michael K, Lee Chow-Yang
Department of Entomology, University of California, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2024 Feb 12;117(1):268-279. doi: 10.1093/jee/toad206.
Artificial or non-nutritive sweeteners are indigestible by most animals. Some sweeteners are orally toxic to insects and have received recent interest as potential safe insecticides due to their low mammalian toxicity. In this study, we investigated the oral toxicity of sucralose on insecticide-susceptible and resistant German cockroaches, Blattella germanica (L.). In a nonchoice test, we evaluated 5, 10, and 20% sucralose solutions. Depending on the cockroach strains, mean mortality ranged from 62.5 to 92.5%, 15 to 55%, and 2.5 to 27.5% for 20, 10, and 5% sucralose, respectively. Next, we measured the impact of a 20% sucralose treatment on water loss rates in the cockroach strains. All strains lost 23.0-30.29% of body water by 6 d. Dehydrated cockroaches were more prone to be killed by sucralose than nondehydrated ones. Lastly, we evaluated the effect of 20% sucralose treatment on gut bacterial composition and found the diversity of gut bacteria in treated cockroaches was significantly reduced after 3 days, implicating a rapid change in the alimentary environment.
人工甜味剂或非营养性甜味剂大多无法被动物消化。一些甜味剂对昆虫具有口服毒性，由于其对哺乳动物的低毒性，最近作为潜在的安全杀虫剂受到关注。在本研究中，我们调查了三氯蔗糖对敏感型和抗性型德国小蠊（Blattella germanica (L.)）的口服毒性。在非选择性试验中，我们评估了5%、10%和20%的三氯蔗糖溶液。根据蟑螂品系不同，20%、10%和5%的三氯蔗糖溶液导致的平均死亡率分别为62.5%至92.5%、15%至55%和2.5%至27.5%。接下来，我们测量了20%三氯蔗糖处理对蟑螂品系失水率的影响。到第6天时，所有品系的蟑螂都失去了23.0%至30.29%的身体水分。脱水的蟑螂比未脱水的蟑螂更容易被三氯蔗糖杀死。最后，我们评估了20%三氯蔗糖处理对肠道细菌组成的影响，发现处理后3天，蟑螂肠道细菌的多样性显著降低，这意味着其消化道环境发生了快速变化。
