Technical Division, KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Technical Division, KNCV Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam.
PLoS One. 2023 Nov 20;18(11):e0293964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293964. eCollection 2023.
The measures undertaken to control COVID-19 have disrupted many platforms including tuberculosis (TB) healthcare services. Consequently, declines in TB notifications have been observed in various countries. We visualized changes over time in TB and SARS-CoV-2 infection notifications and reported on country-specific strategies to retain TB care and prevention services in Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Vietnam.
We collected and visualized quarterly, retrospective, and country-specific data (Quarter (Q) 1 2018- Q1 2021) on SARS-CoV-2 infection and TB notifications. Additionally, we conducted a country-specific landscape assessment on COVID-19 measures, including lockdowns, operational level strategy of TB care and prevention services, and strategies employed to recover and retain those services. We used negative binomial regression models to assess the association between the installation of COVID-19 measures and changes in TB notifications.
TB notifications declined in Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam, and (slightly) increased in Nigeria and Tanzania. The changes in TB notifications were associated with the installation of various COVID-19 prevention measures for Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam (declines) and Nigeria (increases). All countries reported reduced TB screening and testing activities. Countries reported the following strategies to retain TB prevention and care services: digital solutions for treatment adherence support, capacity building, and monitor & evaluation activities; adjustment in medication supply/delivery & quantity, including home delivery, pick up points, and month supply; integrated TB/COVID-19 screening & diagnostic platform; and the use of community health care workers.
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, we did not observe consistent changes in TB notifications across countries. However, all countries reported lower operating levels of TB prevention and care services. Digital health solutions, community-based interventions, and the integration of COVID-19 and TB testing services were employed to recover and retain those services.
为控制 COVID-19 而采取的措施打乱了包括结核病（TB）医疗服务在内的许多平台。因此，各国结核病报告数量均有所下降。我们可视化了 TB 和 SARS-CoV-2 感染报告数量随时间的变化，并报告了吉尔吉斯斯坦、尼日利亚、坦桑尼亚和越南为保留 TB 护理和预防服务而采取的特定国家策略。
我们收集和可视化了 SARS-CoV-2 感染和 TB 报告的季度、回顾性和特定国家数据（2018 年第一季度至 2021 年第一季度）。此外，我们对 COVID-19 措施（包括封锁、TB 护理和预防服务的运营级策略以及用于恢复和保留这些服务的策略）进行了特定国家的情况评估。我们使用负二项回归模型评估 COVID-19 措施的实施与 TB 报告变化之间的关联。
TB 报告在吉尔吉斯斯坦和越南有所下降，在尼日利亚和坦桑尼亚略有上升。TB 报告数量的变化与吉尔吉斯斯坦和越南（下降）和尼日利亚（上升）采取的各种 COVID-19 预防措施的实施有关。所有国家都报告了减少的 TB 筛查和检测活动。各国报告了保留 TB 预防和护理服务的以下策略：用于治疗依从性支持、能力建设和监测与评估活动的数字解决方案；调整药物供应/交付和数量，包括家庭交付、取货点和月供应；TB/COVID-19 筛查和诊断平台的整合；以及利用社区卫生保健工作者。
在 COVID-19 大流行之后，我们没有观察到各国的 TB 报告数量发生一致变化。然而，所有国家都报告了 TB 预防和护理服务的运作水平较低。数字健康解决方案、基于社区的干预措施以及 COVID-19 和 TB 检测服务的整合，被用于恢复和保留这些服务。
