Sun Hongfei, Xiao Ke, Gao Han, Duan Chenyang, Zhao Siyang, Wen Jin, Wang Yurui, Lin Renxing, Zheng Xuntian, Luo Haowen, Liu Chenshuaiyu, Wu Pu, Kong Wenchi, Liu Zhou, Li Ludong, Tan Hairen
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Jan;36(2):e2308706. doi: 10.1002/adma.202308706. Epub 2023 Nov 27.
All-perovskite tandem solar cells offer the potential to surpass the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit efficiency of single-junction solar cells while maintaining the advantages of low-cost and high-productivity solution processing. However, scalable solution processing of electron transport layer (ETL) in p-i-n structured perovskite solar subcells remains challenging due to the rough perovskite film surface and energy level mismatch between ETL and perovskites. Here, scalable solution processing of hybrid fullerenes (HF) with blade-coating on both wide-bandgap (≈1.80 eV) and narrow-bandgap (≈1.25 eV) perovskite films in all-perovskite tandem solar modules is developed. The HF, comprising a mixture of fullerene (C ), phenyl C butyric acid methyl ester, and indene-C bisadduct, exhibits improved conductivity, superior energy level alignment with both wide- and narrow-bandgap perovskites, and reduced interfacial nonradiative recombination when compared to the conventional thermal-evaporated C . With scalable solution-processed HF as the ETLs, the all-perovskite tandem solar modules achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 23.3% (aperture area = 20.25 cm ). This study paves the way to all-solution processing of low-cost and high-efficiency all-perovskite tandem solar modules in the future.
全钙钛矿叠层太阳能电池有潜力超越单结太阳能电池的肖克利-奎塞尔（SQ）极限效率，同时保持低成本和高生产率溶液处理的优势。然而，由于钙钛矿薄膜表面粗糙以及电子传输层（ETL）与钙钛矿之间的能级不匹配，p-i-n结构钙钛矿太阳能子电池中ETL的可扩展溶液处理仍然具有挑战性。在此，开发了一种在全钙钛矿叠层太阳能模块的宽带隙（≈1.80 eV）和窄带隙（≈1.25 eV）钙钛矿薄膜上均采用刮刀涂布法对混合富勒烯（HF）进行可扩展溶液处理的方法。与传统热蒸发的C相比，由富勒烯（C）、苯基C丁酸甲酯和茚-C双加合物的混合物组成的HF表现出更高的导电性、与宽带隙和窄带隙钙钛矿均具有优异的能级匹配性以及降低的界面非辐射复合。以可扩展溶液处理的HF作为ETL，全钙钛矿叠层太阳能模块实现了23.3%的最高功率转换效率（孔径面积 = 20.25 cm²）。这项研究为未来低成本、高效率全钙钛矿叠层太阳能模块的全溶液处理铺平了道路。
