Department of General Surgery and Trauma, Ngwelezana Tertiary Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Department of General Surgery and Trauma, Ngwelezana Tertiary Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Toxicon. 2023 Dec;236:107347. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107347. Epub 2023 Nov 19.
Boomslang (Dispholidus typus) bites are rare in South Africa. This snake's venom is known to be potently haemotoxic, producing a consumptive coagulopathy through the activation of clotting factors II, X, and possibly IX. Monovalent Boomslang antivenom, produced by the South African Vaccine Producers, is highly effective in treating patients who present with haemotoxic envenomation. The majority of health care centres in South Africa do not stock this antivenom due to cost concerns and because envenomation from this snake is so infrequent; this may have lethal consequences for a patient presenting to any such a centre. The usual antivenom dose for effective treatment of a Boomslang bite is two 10 ml vials. We present a case of severe Boomslang envenomation, secondary to a man being bitten on bilateral upper limbs while inside his house, which required three vials of antivenom to treat effectively.
布斯毒蛇（Dispholidus typus）咬伤在南非较为罕见。该蛇的毒液具有很强的血液毒性，通过激活凝血因子 II、X，并可能还有 IX，导致消耗性凝血障碍。由南非疫苗生产商生产的单价布斯毒蛇抗毒液，在治疗出现血液毒性中毒的患者方面非常有效。由于成本问题以及这种蛇类咬伤非常罕见，南非的大多数医疗中心都没有储备这种抗毒液；这可能对任何前往此类中心的患者产生致命后果。有效治疗布斯毒蛇咬伤的常规抗毒液剂量为两支 10 毫升的小瓶。我们报告了一例严重的布斯毒蛇咬伤病例，一名男子在其屋内被咬伤双侧上肢，需要使用三瓶抗毒液才能有效治疗。
