Liu Lu, Melse-Boonstra Alida, van der Werf Wopke, Zhang Fusuo, Cong Wen-Feng, Stomph Tjeerd Jan
State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Sci Food Agric. 2024 Mar 30;104(5):2651-2659. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13149. Epub 2023 Dec 1.
Zinc (Zn) deficiency in humans is of worldwide concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the Zn intake gap in Chinese adults and identify the potential role of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice, including crop nutrient management and breeding, in filling the gap.
We use data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2011 to identify food consumption patterns and dietary Zn intake of 4512 adults to define and quantify the Zn intake gap in the population. The dietary Zn intake gap of surveyed adults ranged from -0.8 to 6.53 mg day across nine provinces and differences were associated with differences in food consumption patterns. Both dietary Zn intake and Zn gap for males were higher than for females. The potential of changes in five management strategies (improved nitrogen fertilization, improved phosphorus fertilization, foliar Zn fertilization, improved water management and growing varieties reaching the grain Zn breeding target) was analyzed. Breeding and foliar Zn fertilization were shown to be the two most effective management strategies that could increase dietary intake by 1.29 to 5 mg Zn day dependent on sex and province.
This study shows that the Zn gap varied across regions in China, with some large enough to warrant interventions. Wheat and rice as two major Zn sources could be targeted without a direct need for dietary diversification. By promoting both biofortification breeding of wheat and rice and Zn fertilization, dietary Zn intake could be enhanced to contribute to human health improvement in China. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
人体锌（Zn）缺乏是一个全球性问题。本研究的目的是调查中国成年人的锌摄入量差距，并确定小麦和水稻生物强化技术（包括作物养分管理和育种）在填补这一差距方面的潜在作用。
我们使用2011年中国健康与营养调查的数据，确定了4512名成年人的食物消费模式和膳食锌摄入量，以定义和量化该人群的锌摄入量差距。在九个省份中，被调查成年人的膳食锌摄入量差距为每天-0.8至6.53毫克，差异与食物消费模式的差异有关。男性的膳食锌摄入量和锌差距均高于女性。分析了五种管理策略（改善氮肥施用、改善磷肥施用、叶面锌肥施用、改善水分管理和种植达到谷物锌育种目标的品种）变化的潜力。育种和叶面锌肥施用被证明是两种最有效的管理策略，根据性别和省份的不同，可使膳食摄入量每天增加1.29至5毫克锌。
本研究表明，中国各地区的锌差距各不相同，有些地区的差距大到足以需要进行干预。小麦和水稻作为两种主要的锌来源，可以成为目标，而无需直接进行饮食多样化。通过促进小麦和水稻的生物强化育种以及锌肥施用，可以提高膳食锌摄入量，有助于改善中国人群的健康。©2023化学工业协会。
