Zargar Mahvash, Ghafourian Mehri, Behrahi Farnaz, Nikbakht Roshan, Salehi Abdolah Mousavi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Immunology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2024 Jan;67(1):112-119. doi: 10.5468/ogs.23120. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
Fetal uterine survival depends on maintaining an immune balance between the mother and fetus. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of blood peripheral natural killer (NK) cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) with recurrent recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
In this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from three groups of RPL, RIF, and parous women without a history of abortion or infertility problems and analyzed by lymphocyte-based flow cytometry. Afterward, the levels of NK cells and IFN-γ were determined. All data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests.
The level of IFN-γ in the RPL group was significantly higher than that in parous women and the RIF group (P<0.05), whereas its level in the RIF group was not significantly different from the control group (P>0.05). A significant correlation was found between the levels of IFN-γ and NK cells in the RPL group (r=0.481; P=0.02). However, no significant correlation was found between the levels of IFN-γ and the active NK cells in the RPL group (P=0.08). Moreover, no significant correlation was found between the levels of NK cells (whether activated or not) and IFN-γ in the RIF patients (P>0.05).
Immune dysfunction may not be involved in implantation failure during IVF but may be involved in recurrent miscarriage, probably by increasing IFN-γ levels.
胎儿在子宫内的存活取决于母体与胎儿之间免疫平衡的维持。本研究旨在探讨外周血自然杀伤（NK）细胞和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）与反复种植失败（RIF）和复发性流产（RPL）之间的相关性。
在这项病例对照研究中，采集了三组女性的外周血样本，分别为有复发性流产史、反复种植失败史的女性以及无流产或不孕问题的经产妇，采用基于淋巴细胞的流式细胞术进行分析。随后，测定NK细胞和IFN-γ的水平。所有数据采用单因素方差分析和非参数Kruskal-Wallis检验进行分析。
复发性流产组中IFN-γ水平显著高于经产妇组和反复种植失败组（P<0.05），而反复种植失败组的IFN-γ水平与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。复发性流产组中IFN-γ水平与NK细胞水平之间存在显著相关性（r=0.481；P=0.02）。然而，复发性流产组中IFN-γ水平与活化NK细胞水平之间无显著相关性（P=0.08）。此外，反复种植失败患者中NK细胞（无论是否活化）水平与IFN-γ水平之间均无显著相关性（P>0.05）。
免疫功能障碍可能与体外受精过程中的种植失败无关，但可能与复发性流产有关，可能是通过增加IFN-γ水平来实现的。
