Ts Ranganath, Gupta Era, Md Shoyaib K
Community Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 10;15(7):e41643. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41643. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The knowledge of HIV prevention, attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV), and beliefs in myths related to HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age group in India hold immense importance. As this group is particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, having accurate knowledge about prevention methods is crucial to protect themselves and their partners. Positive attitudes towards PLHIV foster support, reduce stigma and encourage early testing and treatment. Additionally, debunking myths and misconceptions surrounding HIV/AIDS can help dispel fear and promote informed decision-making. Empowering women with comprehensive knowledge, fostering positive attitudes, and debunking myths can contribute to effective HIV prevention strategies, reduce transmission rates, and improve women's overall well-being in India.
Our objective was to create a regression model to show disparities in knowledge of the prevention of HIV/AIDS, attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS, and belief in myths among women in India with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for different socio-demographic factors, and to determine if there are any significant changes in the aOR during both surveys.
A comparative study using secondary data analysis of two complex sample surveys.
Individual Recode files from datasets obtained from Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) Program were exported to STATA v17.0 MP by STATA Corp LLC. Dependent and independent variables were chosen based on a literature review and computed. The design-adjusted chi-square test was used to assess the association between variables. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to derive a model. The model assessment was performed using the Wald test after estimation.
The age group of 15-19 years had the highest odds of having sufficient knowledge of the prevention of HIV/AIDS during both National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) (aOR: 1.98 during NFHS-4 and aOR: 1.80 during NFHS-5). No education group had the highest odds of negative attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS during both surveys (aOR: 4.85 during NFHS-4 and aOR: 2.69 during NFHS-5). Rural areas had higher odds of believing in myths related to HIV/AIDS during both surveys (aOR: 1.07 during NFHS-4 and aOR: 1.13 during NFHS-5).
This research study sheds light on the significant relationship between demographic factors and knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to HIV/AIDS among women. Specifically, women in the lower age group, lacking education, and residing in rural areas exhibited substantial levels of inadequate knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS prevention. Furthermore, this group was also associated with higher proportions of negative attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS and a greater tendency to believe in myths associated with HIV/AIDS.
在印度，育龄妇女对艾滋病毒预防的了解、对艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的态度以及对与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关神话的看法至关重要。由于该群体特别容易感染艾滋病毒，掌握准确的预防方法对于保护自身及其伴侣至关重要。对艾滋病毒感染者持积极态度可促进支持、减少耻辱感并鼓励早期检测和治疗。此外，揭穿围绕艾滋病毒/艾滋病的神话和误解有助于消除恐惧并促进明智的决策。赋予妇女全面的知识、培养积极的态度并揭穿神话有助于制定有效的艾滋病毒预防策略、降低传播率并改善印度妇女的整体福祉。
我们的目标是创建一个回归模型，以显示印度女性在艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防知识、对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的态度以及对神话的看法方面的差异，并针对不同的社会人口因素调整优势比（aOR），并确定在两次调查期间aOR是否有任何显著变化。
一项使用两次复杂样本调查的二次数据分析的比较研究。
将从人口健康调查（DHS）计划获得的数据集中的个体重新编码文件由STATA Corp LLC导出到STATA v17.0 MP。根据文献综述选择并计算了因变量和自变量。使用设计调整后的卡方检验来评估变量之间的关联。使用多项逻辑回归分析来推导模型。估计后使用 Wald 检验进行模型评估。
在两次全国家庭健康调查（NFHS）期间，15 - 19岁年龄组对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防有充分了解的几率最高（NFHS - 4期间aOR：1.98，NFHS - 5期间aOR：1.80）。在两次调查中，未受过教育的群体对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者持负面态度的几率最高（NFHS - 4期间aOR：4.85，NFHS - 5期间aOR：2.69）。在两次调查中，农村地区相信与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关神话的几率更高（NFHS - 4期间aOR：1.07，NFHS - 5期间aOR：1.13）。
本研究揭示了人口因素与印度女性与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的知识、态度和看法之间的重要关系。具体而言，年龄较小、缺乏教育且居住在农村地区的女性在艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方面表现出大量的知识不足。此外，该群体对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者持负面态度的比例也较高，并且更倾向于相信与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的神话。
