Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Central Florida, Orlando.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2024 Jan 3;33(1):33-50. doi: 10.1044/2023_AJSLP-23-00098. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
Childhood spoken language interventions and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions share a common purpose: maximizing communication and language outcomes. To ensure that interventions for children who require AAC also address expressive language acquisition, this clinical focus article focuses on how to apply a developmental model of language acquisition to guide AAC decision making for preliterate aided communicators, with a particular focus on vocabulary selection.
A brief review of early expressive language development is presented, along with arguments for why relying on a developmental model to guide AAC decision making is so critical. A series of detailed examples of how to apply a developmental model to various AAC vocabulary selection approaches are provided, including analyses of how well each approach aligns with pragmatic, semantic, grammatical, and narrative development.
No single AAC approach for preliterate AAC language learners adequately addresses both immediate and longer-term expressive language needs; every approach has both strengths and weaknesses. Clinical decision making requires an analysis of each approach to ensure that AAC service delivery teams clearly understand the inevitable linguistic gaps, with plans put into place to fill in those gaps with different approaches. Future efforts to improve preliterate AAC service provision should use a developmental model of language as a starting point, in combination with input from families, educators, and clinicians to ensure the feasibility of the chosen approaches.
儿童口语语言干预和辅助沟通（AAC）干预有一个共同的目的：最大限度地提高沟通和语言结果。为了确保需要 AAC 的儿童的干预措施也能解决表达性语言习得问题，本临床重点文章侧重于如何将语言习得的发展模型应用于指导未识字辅助沟通者的 AAC 决策，特别关注词汇选择。
简要回顾了早期表达性语言发展，并提出了为什么依赖发展模型来指导 AAC 决策至关重要的论点。提供了一系列如何将发展模型应用于各种 AAC 词汇选择方法的详细示例，包括分析每种方法与语用、语义、语法和叙事发展的契合程度。
没有单一的 AAC 方法可以充分满足未识字 AAC 语言学习者的即时和长期表达性语言需求；每种方法都有其优点和缺点。临床决策需要对每种方法进行分析，以确保 AAC 服务提供团队清楚地了解不可避免的语言差距，并制定计划用不同的方法来填补这些差距。未来改进未识字 AAC 服务提供的努力应将语言的发展模型作为起点，并结合来自家庭、教育者和临床医生的意见，以确保所选方法的可行性。
