Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2023 Aug;45(6):553-569. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2023.2284971. Epub 2023 Dec 29.
The Spanish English Neuropsychological Assessment Scale (SENAS) is a cognitive battery with English and Spanish versions for use with persons for whom either language is predominant. Few studies have examined its utility outside the normative sample. The current study examined SENAS performance in samples of older adult Latines and Latines with or at risk for autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) mutations.
The SENAS was administered to 202 older adults from the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES) and 29 adults with (carriers) or without (non-carriers) mutations causing ADAD. We examined associations between SENAS, age, education, and language (LALES) and between SENAS, estimated years from familial age of dementia diagnosis, education, language, and acculturation (ADAD). Partial correlations were used to examine differences in correlational strength between estimated years from familial age of dementia diagnosis and SENAS scores among ADAD carriers compared to chronological age and SENAS in the LALES sample. Exploratory t-tests were performed to examine SENAS performance differences between ADAD carriers and non-carriers.
In an older adult sample (LALES), increased age correlated with worse verbal delayed recall; English fluency and higher education correlated with better naming and visuospatial subtest performance. Among ADAD carriers, verbal and nonverbal delayed recall and object naming subtest performance worsened as they approached their familial age of dementia diagnosis. English fluency and higher U.S.-acculturation were related to better SENAS performance among carriers and non-carriers. Tests of verbal delayed recall and object naming best distinguished ADAD carriers from their familial non-carrier counterparts.
Verbal delayed recall and object naming measures appear to be most sensitive to age-related changes in older adult samples and mutation-related changes in distinguishing ADAD carriers from non-carriers. Future research should examine the sensitivity of SENAS in other samples, such as larger samples of symptomatic ADAD carriers and other AD subtypes.
西班牙-英语神经心理评估量表（SENAS）是一种认知测试工具，有英语和西班牙语版本，适用于两种语言都为母语的人群。很少有研究在规范样本之外检验其效用。本研究考察了 SENAS 在拉丁裔老年人样本和具有或有风险携带常染色体显性阿尔茨海默病（ADAD）突变的拉丁裔成年人样本中的表现。
我们对来自洛杉矶拉丁裔眼科研究（LALES）的 202 名老年人和 29 名携带（携带者）或不携带（非携带者）导致 ADAD 的突变的成年人进行了 SENAS 测试。我们检验了 SENAS 与年龄、教育和语言（LALES）之间的关系，以及 SENAS 与家族痴呆诊断年龄、教育、语言和文化适应（ADAD）之间的关系。偏相关用于检验 ADAD 携带者与正常年龄相比，与 SENAS 评分的相关性强度差异，以及在 LALES 样本中与 SENAS 的差异。进行探索性 t 检验，以检验 ADAD 携带者与非携带者之间 SENAS 表现的差异。
在老年人样本（LALES）中，年龄的增加与言语延迟回忆的恶化相关；英语流利度和较高的教育程度与更好的命名和视空间子测试表现相关。在 ADAD 携带者中，随着他们接近家族性痴呆诊断年龄，言语和非言语延迟回忆以及物体命名子测试的表现恶化。英语流利度和较高的美国文化适应度与携带者和非携带者的 SENAS 表现更好相关。言语延迟回忆和物体命名测试最能区分 ADAD 携带者和他们的家族非携带者。
言语延迟回忆和物体命名测试似乎对老年人样本的年龄相关变化以及区分 ADAD 携带者和非携带者的突变相关变化最为敏感。未来的研究应该检验 SENAS 在其他样本中的敏感性，例如更大的有症状的 ADAD 携带者和其他 AD 亚型的样本。
