Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
Sociedad Científica de San Fernando, Lima, Perú.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2023 Jul-Sep;40(3):307-316. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2023.403.12776. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
OBJECTIVE.: To determine if suicide news reports broadcasted by Peruvian television channels comply with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for reporting suicide news.
MATERIALS AND METHODS.: Quantitative and descriptive study. The unit of analysis was the suicide news broadcasted by eight Peruvian television channels during the years 2020 and 2021. News were classified into three categories: news about suicide, attempted suicide and suicide prevention. We used an evaluation instrument composed of WHO recommendations.
RESULTS.: A total of 126 news reports were analyzed; but none of these complied fully with the WHO recommendations. The news reports on suicide or attempted suicide complied with 4 of 13 recommendations. Most reports complied with avoiding to publish suicide notes (97.4%); on the other hand, educating about suicide and its prevention, and not disseminating myths was the recommendation least complied with (0.9%). Suicide prevention news reports complied with 5 of 7 recommendations.
CONCLUSIONS.: Suicide news reports on Peruvian television in 2020 and 2021 showed low compliance with WHO recommendations. Communication professionals have a fundamental role in suicide prevention, limiting sensitive information and disseminating helpful information. It is essential for communicators to be aware of these recommendations and for the journalism team and mental health professionals to work together in the communication of news related to suicide.
确定秘鲁电视频道播出的自杀新闻报道是否符合世界卫生组织(WHO)关于报道自杀新闻的建议。
定量和描述性研究。分析单位是 2020 年和 2021 年 8 个秘鲁电视频道播出的自杀新闻。新闻分为三类:自杀新闻、自杀未遂新闻和自杀预防新闻。我们使用了由世界卫生组织建议组成的评估工具。
共分析了 126 条新闻报道,但没有一条完全符合世界卫生组织的建议。关于自杀或自杀未遂的新闻报道符合 13 项建议中的 4 项。大多数报道符合避免公布自杀遗书(97.4%);另一方面,关于自杀及其预防的教育以及不传播神话是最不遵守的建议(0.9%)。自杀预防新闻报道符合 7 项建议中的 5 项。
2020 年和 2021 年秘鲁电视上的自杀新闻报道与世界卫生组织的建议低度相符。传播专业人员在预防自杀方面发挥着重要作用,他们应限制敏感信息的传播,并传播有用的信息。传播人员必须了解这些建议,新闻团队和心理健康专业人员必须共同努力,传播与自杀有关的新闻。