Department of Periodontology Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry Konya 42090, Turkey
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2024 May 1;29(3):e318-e325. doi: 10.4317/medoral.26280.
Although it is known that the soft tissues around dental implants have an impact on its health and cause marginal bone loss, it is still uncertain exactly how. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of vertical mucosal thickness and keratinized mucosal width on marginal bone loss and periodontal clinical parameters in the 2-year follow-up of implants placed at the bone level.
87 bone-level dental implants were placed in 31 patients. The initial vertical mucosal thickness (VMT) was recorded at implant placement. At the second year follow-up, gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probe (BOP), radiographic marginal bone loss (MBL) and width of the keratinized mucosa (KMW) were all measured. MBL and periodontal clinical parameters were evaluated separately according to VMT and KMW. VMT was categorized into two groups, Group 1 (≤ 2mm) and Group 2 (> 2 mm). KMW was divided into two groups, Group A (< 2mm) and Group B (≥ 2 mm).
Dental implants had a mean MBL of 0.39 ± 0.57 mm in the 2-year follow-up. MBL in Group 1 and 2 was 0.39 ± 0.42 mm and 0.38 ± 0.65 mm, respectively. MBL in Group A and B was 0.41 ± 0.68 mm and 0.37 ± 0.49 mm, respectively. No significant difference in MBL was found in the KMW and VMT groups (p>0.05). The group with the thicker vertical mucosa was shown to have statistically substantially higher PI and GI values (p=0.040 and p=0.014, respectively).
Within the limits of the present study, it was observed that the vertical mucosal thickness and the width of the keratinized mucosa did not affect the marginal bone loss. In addition, it was observed that the insufficiency of the width of the keratinized mucosa did not affect the periodontal clinical parameters, but the thicker vertical mucosa could increase the plaque index and gingival index.
虽然已知种植牙周围的软组织会影响其健康并导致边缘骨丧失，但确切的影响方式仍不确定。本研究旨在评估种植体置于骨水平 2 年随访中垂直黏膜厚度和角化黏膜宽度对边缘骨丧失和牙周临床参数的影响。
将 87 个骨水平种植体放置在 31 名患者中。在种植体放置时记录初始垂直黏膜厚度（VMT）。在第 2 年随访时，测量牙龈指数（GI）、菌斑指数（PI）、探诊深度（PD）、探诊出血（BOP）、放射学边缘骨丧失（MBL）和角化黏膜宽度（KMW）。根据 VMT 和 KMW 分别评估 MBL 和牙周临床参数。VMT 分为两组，组 1（≤2mm）和组 2（>2mm）。KMW 分为两组，组 A（<2mm）和组 B（≥2mm）。
种植体在 2 年随访中平均 MBL 为 0.39±0.57mm。组 1 和组 2 的 MBL 分别为 0.39±0.42mm 和 0.38±0.65mm。组 A 和组 B 的 MBL 分别为 0.41±0.68mm 和 0.37±0.49mm。KMW 和 VMT 组之间的 MBL 无显著差异（p>0.05）。垂直黏膜较厚的组显示出 PI 和 GI 值显著更高（p=0.040 和 p=0.014）。
在本研究范围内，观察到垂直黏膜厚度和角化黏膜宽度并不影响边缘骨丧失。此外，观察到角化黏膜宽度不足不会影响牙周临床参数，但较厚的垂直黏膜会增加菌斑指数和牙龈指数。
