The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra, ACT.
Med J Aust. 2023 Dec 11;219(11):542-548. doi: 10.5694/mja2.52171. Epub 2023 Nov 22.
To assess the population health impact of high temperatures on workplace health and safety by estimating the burden of heat-attributable occupational injury in Australia.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING: Retrospective observational study; estimation of burden of occupational injury in Australia attributable to high temperatures during 2014-19, based on Safe Work Australia (work-related traumatic injury fatalities and workers' compensation databases) and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare data (Australian Burden of Disease Study and National Hospital Morbidity databases), and a meta-analysis of climate zone-specific risk data.
Burden of heat-attributable occupational injuries as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), comprising the numbers of years of life lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs), nationally, by Köppen-Geiger climate zone, and by state and territory.
During 2014-19, an estimated 42 884 years of healthy life were lost to occupational injury, comprising 39 485 YLLs (92.1%) and 3399 YLDs (7.9%), at a rate of 0.80 DALYs per 1000 workers per year. A total of 967 occupational injury-related DALYs were attributable to heat (2.3% of occupational injury-related DALYs), comprising 890 YLLs (92%) and 77 YLDs (8%). By climate zone, the heat-attributable proportion was largest in the tropical Am (12 DALYs; 3.5%) and Aw zones (34 DALYs; 3.5%); by state and territory, the proportion was largest in New South Wales and Queensland (each 2.9%), which also included the largest numbers of heat-attributable occupational injury-related DALYs (NSW: 379 DALYs, 39% of national total; Queensland: 308 DALYs; 32%).
An estimated 2.3% of the occupational injury burden in Australia is attributable to high ambient temperatures. To prevent this burden increasing with global warming, adaptive measures and industry-based policies are needed to safeguard workplace health and safety, particularly in heat-exposed industries, such as agriculture, transport, and construction.
通过估计澳大利亚高温导致的职业伤害负担，评估高温对工作场所健康和安全的人群健康影响。
研究设计、地点：回顾性观察研究；基于澳大利亚安全工作署（与工作相关的创伤性死亡和工人赔偿数据库）和澳大利亚卫生和福利研究所（澳大利亚疾病负担研究和国家医院发病率数据库）的数据，估算 2014-19 年澳大利亚因高温导致的职业伤害负担，以及对特定气候带风险数据的荟萃分析。
归因于高温的职业伤害负担，以残疾调整生命年（DALY）表示，包括残疾生活年（YLDs）和生命损失年（YLLs），按柯本-戈尔格气候带、州和地区进行全国范围的评估。
2014-19 年，由于职业伤害导致约 42884 人失去健康寿命，其中 39485 人 YLL（92.1%）和 3399 人 YLD（7.9%），每年每 1000 名工人损失 0.80 DALY。共有 967 例与职业伤害相关的 DALY 归因于高温（占与职业伤害相关的 DALY 的 2.3%），其中 890 例 YLL（92%）和 77 例 YLD（8%）。按气候带划分，热带 Am（12 DALY；3.5%）和 Aw（34 DALY；3.5%）区的高温归因比例最大；按州和地区划分，新南威尔士州和昆士兰州的比例最大（均为 2.9%），这两个州也有最多的归因于高温的职业伤害相关 DALY（新南威尔士州：379 DALY，占全国总数的 39%；昆士兰州：308 DALY）。
澳大利亚约 2.3%的职业伤害负担归因于环境高温。为了防止随着全球变暖而增加这一负担，需要采取适应性措施和基于行业的政策，以保护工作场所健康和安全，特别是在农业、运输和建筑等高温暴露行业。
