Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2023 Fall;79(5):250-255. doi: 10.31348/2023/29.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of severe visual loss in the working population. Therefore, both DR and DME have a significant socioeconomic and health impact, which taking into account the epidemiologic predictions is expected to increase. A crucial role in the management of DR and DME (not only for individuals, but also for the population) is played by an adequate screening program. This is based on the structure and organization of the healthcare system, the latest scientific developments in diagnostics (imaging) as well as technological advancements in computing (artificial intelligence, telemedicine) and their practical use. The recommendation presented by World Health Organization is also important. This paper evaluates all these factors, including evidence-based medicine reports and experience from existing DR and DME screening programs in comparable countries. Based on an evaluation of these parameters, recommended guidelines have been formulated for screening for DR and DME in the Czech Republic, including linkage to the Czech National Screening Center and the organization of the healthcare system.
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和糖尿病黄斑水肿（DME）是工作人群重度视力丧失的主要原因。因此，DR 和 DME 对社会经济和健康都有重大影响，考虑到流行病学预测，这种影响预计还会增加。对 DR 和 DME 的管理（不仅对个人，而且对人群）起着至关重要作用的是一个适当的筛查计划。这基于医疗保健系统的结构和组织、诊断学（成像）的最新科学发展以及计算（人工智能、远程医疗）技术的进步及其实际应用。世界卫生组织的建议也很重要。本文评估了所有这些因素，包括基于循证医学报告和可比国家现有 DR 和 DME 筛查计划的经验。基于对这些参数的评估，制定了捷克共和国筛查 DR 和 DME 的推荐指南，包括与捷克国家筛查中心的联系以及医疗保健系统的组织。
