Pavlov V G, Sidamonidze A L, Petrachkov D V
Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia.
Vestn Oftalmol. 2020;136(4. Vyp. 2):300-309. doi: 10.17116/oftalma2020136042300.
The incidence of diabetes in the world is steadily increasing, and so is growing the number of cases of vision loss and blindness resulting from diabetic retinopathy (DR). This pathology is asymptomatic in the initial stages, but only the early treatment can be effective. In this regard, DR screening is an important and actual problem. This article reviews the principles, criteria, and problems of the currently run DR screening programs that are based on digital photography of the fundus. Special attention is paid to the displayed biomarkers and their role in DR screening. Various research methods are described, such as fluorescence angiography, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography agniography, laser scanning ophthalmoscopy, which can be used to visualize pathological changes in the retina associated with DR. These changes were considered as potential screening biomarkers for DR. The review also describes new areas of screening based on telemedicine, artificial intelligence, and mobile photo-registering devices.
世界上糖尿病的发病率正在稳步上升，因糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）导致的视力丧失和失明病例数量也在增加。这种病变在初始阶段是无症状的，但只有早期治疗才有效。在这方面，DR筛查是一个重要且现实的问题。本文回顾了当前基于眼底数码摄影的DR筛查项目的原则、标准和问题。特别关注所显示的生物标志物及其在DR筛查中的作用。描述了各种研究方法，如荧光血管造影、光学相干断层扫描、光学相干断层扫描血管造影、激光扫描检眼镜，这些方法可用于可视化与DR相关的视网膜病理变化。这些变化被视为DR的潜在筛查生物标志物。该综述还描述了基于远程医疗、人工智能和移动照片记录设备的筛查新领域。
