Paustenback D, Langner R
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1986 Dec;47(12):809-18. doi: 10.1080/15298668691390700.
It has been claimed that the implementation of occupational exposure limits has been instrumental for the near elimination of serious occupational disease in the Western world. Although exposure limits or guides for most large volume chemicals have been established, the majority of the 10,000 chemicals which are routinely used in industry do not have them. As a result, many firms have chosen to establish internal limits to protect their employees as well as the persons who purchase those chemicals. This paper reviews the most important issues discussed in a 2-day symposium on corporate exposure limits which was sponsored by the AIHA Workplace Environment Exposure Limits Committee (WEEL). Thirteen representatives of industry and professional organizations presented papers which addressed various aspects of the process for setting internal exposure limits. The various policies and methodologies used by large American companies which have set limits for many years and their benefits were discussed. The history and function of Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MACs), Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) and Workplace Environment Exposure Limits (WEELs) also were reviewed. Some of the legal aspects of setting corporate limits and their role in the Product Safety arena were discussed.
有人声称，职业接触限值的实施对西方世界几乎消除严重职业病起到了重要作用。尽管已经为大多数大量使用的化学品制定了接触限值或指南，但工业中常规使用的一万种化学品中的大多数却没有。因此，许多公司选择制定内部限值，以保护其员工以及购买这些化学品的人员。本文回顾了由美国工业卫生协会（AIHA）工作场所环境接触限值委员会（WEEL）主办的为期两天的关于企业接触限值研讨会中讨论的最重要问题。来自行业和专业组织的13名代表发表了论文，探讨了设定内部接触限值过程的各个方面。讨论了美国大公司多年来设定限值所采用的各种政策和方法及其益处。还回顾了阈限值（TLV）、最高允许浓度（MAC）、允许接触限值（PEL）和工作场所环境接触限值（WEEL）的历史和功能。讨论了设定企业限值的一些法律方面及其在产品安全领域的作用。
