Shavlovskaya O A, Bokova I A
International Restorative Medicine University, Moscow, Russia.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2023;123(11):22-28. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202312311122.
Insufficiency of a choline derivative (acetylcholine) can lead to the development of cognitive impairment (CI). One of the most well-known and well-studied medical drugs (MD) containing choline and having neuroprotective properties is citicoline (Recognan). A number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Recognan in relation to mild CI, chronic cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), acute vascular disorders (including post-traumatic genesis). Recognan improves memory and other cognitive functions in healthy young people against the background of asthenia due to stress or increased cognitive and emotional stress or infection, and also has a preventive effect on fading cognitive functions in the process of age-related changes. The duration of neuroprotection can reach 6 months or more - up to 12 months, depending on the patient's condition. Therapy regimens include two-stage Recognan prescribing: with CVD intramuscularly (i/m) at 1000 mg /d for 30 days, in the acute period of ischemic stroke, i/m or intravenously (i/v) at 1000 mg every 12 hours from the first day after diagnosis, 3-5 days after the start of therapy, with preservation functions of swallowing, it is possible to switch to per oral (p/o) drug administration.
胆碱衍生物（乙酰胆碱）不足会导致认知障碍（CI）的发生。含有胆碱且具有神经保护特性的最知名且研究充分的药物之一是胞磷胆碱（可益能）。多项研究已证明可益能在治疗轻度CI、慢性脑血管疾病（CVD）、急性血管疾病（包括创伤后病因）方面的有效性。可益能可改善健康年轻人在因压力、认知和情绪压力增加或感染导致的虚弱状态下的记忆力及其他认知功能，并且对与年龄相关变化过程中逐渐衰退的认知功能具有预防作用。神经保护作用的持续时间可达6个月或更长——长达12个月，具体取决于患者病情。治疗方案包括两阶段使用可益能：对于CVD，肌肉注射（i/m），每日1000毫克，持续30天；在缺血性中风急性期，从诊断后的第一天起，每12小时肌肉注射或静脉注射（i/v）1000毫克，治疗开始3 - 5天后，若吞咽功能尚存，可改为口服（p/o）给药。
