Morphotype induced changes in the life history and population dynamics of an hippolytid shrimp.

One of the most exceptional, loud paradigm of shape polymorphisms constitutes the "rostral loss" condition in hippolytid shrimps. The intertidal shrimp Hippolyte sapphica includes two conspecific morphotypes, one of which demonstrates a neotenic rostrum (morph-B). Morphs' rostral elongation is controlled by a single genetic locus, with long rostra (morph-A) representing the recessive state and short, larval-like ones the completely dominant state. Geometrics morphometry on the species morphotypes revealed also the homozygous/heterozygous state of the gene site along with some induced body' adaptations, which compete the micro-evolutionary disadvantage of the "rostral loss". We found recently that females' viability and maternal energy investment selectively favors morph-A. The present contribution detects and discuss comparatively demographic and reproductive traits in species mixed (both morphs) and unmixed populations. Our results show that this sharp dimorphic rostral condition is a sex-related marker and that the species is gonochoric. Presence of morph-B results to (a) lower egg production (b) higher seasonally males' percentage (c) morph-A females' earlier maturation and (d) higher fecundity in morph-A mixed populations. It seems that the "rostral loss" state induces complex adaptations between the two morphotypes through sex ratios equilibria, morphotypes' growth rates, and morphs' fecundity differentiate inputs throughout the seasons.