Miura Kyoko, Yu Regina, Entwistle Timothy R, McKenzie Scott C, Green Adèle C
Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2024 Apr;37(2):408-417. doi: 10.1111/jhn.13263. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
Understanding the quality of the diet of heart transplant recipients (HTRs) is essential to developing effective dietary interventions for weight control, but relevant evidence is scarce. We investigated diet quality and its association with post-transplant increase in weight adjusted for height (body mass index [BMI]) in Australian HTRs.
We recruited adult HTRs from Queensland's thoracic transplant clinic, 2020-2021. Study participants completed a 3-day food diary using a smart-phone app. Socio-demographic information was collected by self-administered questionnaire, and height, serial weight and clinical information were obtained from medical records. We calculated the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index based on nine food groups and nutrients (index of 90 indicates highest possible quality), and any changes in BMI (≤ 0 kg m or >0 kg m) post-transplantation. Median DASH index values were assessed in relation to sex and BMI change using Mann-Whitney U test.
Among 49 consented HTRs, 25 (51%) completed the food diary (median age 48 years, 52% females). Median BMI at enrolment was 27.2 kg m; median BMI change since transplant was +3.7 kg m. Fruit, vegetable, and whole grain intakes were generally lower than recommended, giving a low overall median DASH index of 30 with no sex differences. HTRs for which the BMI increased post-transplant had significantly lower median DASH indices than those whose BMI did not increase (30 vs. 45, p = 0.013).
The diet quality of HTRs appears suboptimal overall, with fruit and vegetable intakes especially low. HTRs whose BMI increased post-transplant had substantially lower quality diets than HTRs whose BMI did not increase.
了解心脏移植受者（HTRs）的饮食质量对于制定有效的体重控制饮食干预措施至关重要，但相关证据稀缺。我们调查了澳大利亚HTRs的饮食质量及其与移植后身高调整体重（体重指数[BMI]）增加的关联。
我们于2020 - 2021年从昆士兰的胸科移植诊所招募成年HTRs。研究参与者使用智能手机应用程序完成一份为期3天的食物日记。社会人口统计学信息通过自填问卷收集，身高、系列体重和临床信息从医疗记录中获取。我们基于九种食物组和营养素计算了终止高血压饮食方法（DASH）指数（指数为90表示质量最高），以及移植后BMI的任何变化（≤0 kg/m²或>0 kg/m²）。使用曼 - 惠特尼U检验评估与性别和BMI变化相关的DASH指数中位数。
在49名同意参与的HTRs中，25名（51%）完成了食物日记（中位年龄48岁，52%为女性）。入组时的中位BMI为27.2 kg/m²；移植后中位BMI变化为+3.7 kg/m²。水果、蔬菜和全谷物的摄入量普遍低于推荐量，总体DASH指数中位数较低，为30，无性别差异。移植后BMI增加的HTRs的DASH指数中位数显著低于BMI未增加的HTRs（30对45，p = 0.013）。
HTRs的饮食质量总体上似乎不理想，尤其是水果和蔬菜摄入量低。移植后BMI增加的HTRs的饮食质量明显低于BMI未增加的HTRs。
