Li Xintao, Yang Lishi, Jiang Shigui, Zhou Falin, Jiang Song, Li Yundong, Chen Xu, Yang Qibin, Duan Yafei, Huang Jianhua
Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Nov 15;12(11):1433. doi: 10.3390/biology12111433.
As the intensive development of aquaculture persists, the demand for fishmeal continues to grow; however, since fishery resources are limited, the price of fishmeal remains high. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new sources of protein. They are rich in proteins, fatty acids, amino acids, chitin, vitamins, minerals, and antibacterial substances. Maggot meal-based diet is an ideal source of high-quality animal protein and a new type of protein-based immune enhancer with good application prospects in animal husbandry and aquaculture. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three different diets containing maggot protein on the growth and intestinal microflora of . The shrimp were fed either a control feed (no fly maggot protein added), FM feed (compound feed with 30% fresh fly maggot protein added), FF feed (fermented fly maggot protein), or HT feed (high-temperature pelleted fly maggot protein) for eight weeks. The results showed that fresh fly maggot protein in the feed was detrimental to shrimp growth, whereas fermented and high-temperature-pelleted fly maggot protein improved shrimp growth and survival. The effects of different fly maggot protein treatments on the intestinal microbiota of also varied. Fermented fly maggot protein feed and high-temperature-pelleted fly maggot protein feed increased the relative abundance of and , which increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and thus inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria. In contrast, fresh fly maggot proteins alter the intestinal microbiome, disrupting symbiotic relationships between bacteria, and causing invasion by and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These results suggest that fresh fly maggot proteins affect the composition of intestinal microorganisms, which is detrimental to the intestinal tract of , whereas fermented fly maggot protein feed affected the growth of positively by improving the composition of intestinal microorganisms.
随着水产养殖业的持续集约化发展，对鱼粉的需求持续增长；然而，由于渔业资源有限，鱼粉价格居高不下。因此，迫切需要开发新的蛋白质来源。它们富含蛋白质、脂肪酸、氨基酸、几丁质、维生素、矿物质和抗菌物质。蛆粉基日粮是优质动物蛋白的理想来源，也是一种新型的蛋白质类免疫增强剂，在畜牧业和水产养殖业中具有良好的应用前景。在本研究中，我们调查了三种含蛆蛋白的不同日粮对[具体对象]生长和肠道微生物群的影响。对虾分别投喂对照饲料（未添加蝇蛆蛋白）、FM饲料（添加30%新鲜蝇蛆蛋白的复合饲料）、FF饲料（发酵蝇蛆蛋白）或HT饲料（高温制粒蝇蛆蛋白），持续八周。结果表明，饲料中的新鲜蝇蛆蛋白对虾的生长有害，而发酵和高温制粒蝇蛆蛋白则提高了虾的生长和存活率。不同蝇蛆蛋白处理对[具体对象]肠道微生物群的影响也有所不同。发酵蝇蛆蛋白饲料和高温制粒蝇蛆蛋白饲料增加了[具体细菌种类1]和[具体细菌种类2]的相对丰度，这增加了有益细菌的丰度，从而抑制了有害细菌的生长。相比之下，新鲜蝇蛆蛋白改变了肠道微生物群，破坏了细菌之间的共生关系，并导致[具体细菌种类3]和抗生素抗性细菌的入侵。这些结果表明，新鲜蝇蛆蛋白会影响肠道微生物的组成，这对[具体对象]的肠道有害，而发酵蝇蛆蛋白饲料通过改善肠道微生物组成对[具体对象]的生长产生积极影响。
