评估金属基纳米颗粒抗菌活性的应用方法

Applied Methods to Assess the Antimicrobial Activity of Metallic-Based Nanoparticles.

作者信息

Chung Etelka, Ren Guogang, Johnston Ian, Matharu Rupy Kaur, Ciric Lena, Walecka Agnieszka, Cheong Yuen-Ki

机构信息

Centre for Engineering Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.

出版信息

Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Oct 28;10(11):1259. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10111259.

Abstract

With the rise of antibiotic resistance, the drive to discover novel antimicrobial substances and standard testing methods with the aim of controlling transmissive diseases are substantially high. In healthcare sectors and industries, although methods for testing antibiotics and other aqueous-based reagents are well established, methods for testing nanomaterials, non-polar and other particle-based suspensions are still debatable. Hence, utilities of ISO standard validations of such substances have been recalled where corrective actions had to be taken. This paper reports a serial analysis obtained from testing the antimicrobial activities of 10 metallic-based nanomaterials against 10 different pathogens using five different in vitro assays, where the technique, limitation and robustness of each method were evaluated. To confirm antimicrobial activities of metallic-based nanomaterial suspensions, it was found that at least two methods must be used, one being the agar well diffusion method, which was found to be the most reliable method. The agar well diffusion method provided not only information on antimicrobial efficacy through the size of the inhibitory zones, but it also identified antimicrobial ions and synergistic effects released by the test materials. To ascertain the effective inhibitory concentration of nanoparticles, the resazurin broth dilution method is recommended, as MIC can be determined visually without utilising any equipment. This method also overcomes the limit of detection (LoD) and absorbance interference issues, which are often found in the overexpression of cell debris and nanoparticles or quantum dots with optical profiles. In this study, bimetallic AgCu was found to be the most effective antimicrobial nanoparticle tested against across the bacterial (MIC 7 µg/mL) and fungal (MIC 62.5 µg/mL) species.

摘要

随着抗生素耐药性的上升,发现新型抗菌物质和标准检测方法以控制传染性疾病的需求大幅增加。在医疗保健部门和行业中,虽然检测抗生素和其他水基试剂的方法已经成熟,但检测纳米材料、非极性和其他基于颗粒的悬浮液的方法仍存在争议。因此,在必须采取纠正措施的情况下,此类物质的ISO标准验证的效用已被召回。本文报告了通过使用五种不同的体外试验测试10种金属基纳米材料对10种不同病原体的抗菌活性而获得的系列分析,其中评估了每种方法的技术、局限性和稳健性。为了确认金属基纳米材料悬浮液的抗菌活性,发现必须至少使用两种方法,其中一种是琼脂孔扩散法,该方法被认为是最可靠的方法。琼脂孔扩散法不仅通过抑菌圈的大小提供了抗菌效果的信息,还鉴定了测试材料释放的抗菌离子和协同效应。为了确定纳米颗粒的有效抑制浓度,推荐使用刃天青肉汤稀释法,因为可以直观地确定最低抑菌浓度(MIC),而无需使用任何设备。该方法还克服了检测限(LoD)和吸光度干扰问题,这些问题经常出现在细胞碎片、纳米颗粒或具有光学特征的量子点过度表达的情况下。在本研究中,发现双金属AgCu是针对细菌(MIC 7 µg/mL)和真菌(MIC 62.5 µg/mL)物种测试的最有效的抗菌纳米颗粒。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6ac8/10669044/0b45a305a1a3/bioengineering-10-01259-g001.jpg

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