Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 14;24(22):16299. doi: 10.3390/ijms242216299.
Kaempferol and its derivatives are flavonoids found in various plants, and a considerable number of these have been used in various medical applications worldwide. Kaempferol and its compounds have well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties among other health benefits. However, the antiviral properties of kaempferol are notable, and there is a significant number of experimental studies on this topic. Kaempferol compounds were effective against DNA viruses such as hepatitis B virus, viruses of the alphaherpesvirinae family, African swine fever virus, and pseudorabies virus; they were also effective against RNA viruses, namely feline SARS coronavirus, dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, influenza virus, enterovirus 71, poliovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human immunodeficiency virus, calicivirus, and chikungunya virus. On the other hand, no effectiveness against murine norovirus and hepatitis A virus could be determined. The antiviral action mechanisms of kaempferol compounds are various, such as the inhibition of viral polymerases and of viral attachment and entry into host cells. Future research should be focused on further elucidating the antiviral properties of kaempferol compounds from different plants and assessing their potential use to complement the action of antiviral drugs.
山奈酚及其衍生物是存在于各种植物中的类黄酮，其中相当数量的类黄酮已在全球范围内用于各种医学应用。山奈酚及其化合物具有众所周知的抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌特性以及其他健康益处。然而，山奈酚的抗病毒特性值得注意，并且对此主题进行了大量的实验研究。山奈酚化合物对乙型肝炎病毒、α疱疹病毒家族的病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒和伪狂犬病病毒等 DNA 病毒有效；它们对 RNA 病毒也有效，即猫传染性腹膜炎冠状病毒、登革热病毒、日本脑炎病毒、流感病毒、肠道病毒 71、脊髓灰质炎病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒、杯状病毒和基孔肯雅热病毒。另一方面，无法确定其对鼠诺如病毒和甲型肝炎病毒的有效性。山奈酚化合物的抗病毒作用机制多种多样，例如抑制病毒聚合酶以及病毒附着和进入宿主细胞。未来的研究应集中于进一步阐明来自不同植物的山奈酚化合物的抗病毒特性，并评估其潜在用途以补充抗病毒药物的作用。
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