State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 17;24(22):16453. doi: 10.3390/ijms242216453.
() has a great influence on the pigeon industry. Pigeons display different resistance abilities to , so the study of the molecular mechanism of resistance is necessary in breeding disease resistant lines. MiRNA plays important roles in the immune response, but there are still no reports of miRNA regulating trichomonosis resistance. We used small RNA sequencing technology to characterize miRNA profiles in different groups. was nasally inoculated in one day old squabs, and according to the infection status, the groups were divided into control (C), susceptible (S) and tolerant (T) groups. We identified 2429 miRNAs in total, including 1162 known miRNAs and 1267 new miRNAs. In a comparison among the C, S and T groups, the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed via GO and KEGG annotation. The results showed that the target genes were enriched in immune-response-related pathways. This indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs had a critical influence on infection. Novel_miR_741, which could inhibit the expression of , was down-regulated in the T group compared to the C group. It was proven that a decreased novel_miR_741 expression would increase the expression of and increase the immune response. This study brings new insights into understanding the mechanism of trichomonosis resistance.
（）对鸽业有很大影响。鸽子对 表现出不同的抗性能力，因此在培育抗病系时，研究抗性的分子机制是必要的。miRNA 在免疫反应中发挥重要作用，但目前尚无 miRNA 调节滴虫病抗性的报道。我们使用小 RNA 测序技术来描述不同组的 miRNA 图谱。在一天大的乳鸽中鼻内接种 ，根据感染情况，将组分为对照组（C）、易感组（S）和耐受组（T）。我们总共鉴定出 2429 个 miRNA，包括 1162 个已知 miRNA 和 1267 个新 miRNA。在 C、S 和 T 组之间的比较中，通过 GO 和 KEGG 注释分析差异表达 miRNA 的靶基因。结果表明，靶基因富集在免疫反应相关途径中。这表明差异表达的 miRNA 对 感染有重要影响。与 C 组相比，T 组中新型 miR_741 的表达下调，新型 miR_741 可抑制 的表达。证明新型 miR_741 表达减少会增加 的表达并增强免疫反应。这项研究为理解滴虫病抗性的机制提供了新的见解。
