De Freitas-Suarez Andrés, Espinosa-Ponce Natalia, Alvarez-Roger Natalia, Cabrera-Suarez Arianna Iris, Jiménez-Jordán Guillermo, Vega-Roman Rocio, Inyushin Mikhail, Alves Janaina M
Department of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA.
Life (Basel). 2023 Nov 11;13(11):2194. doi: 10.3390/life13112194.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) continue to impact patients despite antiretroviral therapy. A combination of antiretroviral therapies can diminish the HIV viral load to near undetectable levels, but fails to preserve neurocognitive integrity. The cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has shown neuroprotective properties that could mitigate neurodegeneration in HANDs. The LIF promotes neurogenesis, neural cell differentiation, and survival. Combination antiretroviral therapy reduces severe forms of HANDs, but neurocognitive impairment persists; additionally, some antiretrovirals have additional adverse neurotoxic effects. The LIF counteracts neurotoxic viral proteins and limits neural cell damage in models of neuroinflammation. Adding the LIF as an adjuvant therapy to enhance neuroprotection merits further research for managing HANDs. The successful implementation of the LIF to current therapies would contribute to achieving a better quality of life for the affected population.
尽管有抗逆转录病毒疗法，但人类免疫缺陷病毒相关神经认知障碍（HANDs）仍继续影响着患者。抗逆转录病毒疗法的联合应用可将HIV病毒载量降低至几乎检测不到的水平，但无法维持神经认知的完整性。细胞因子白血病抑制因子（LIF）已显示出神经保护特性，可减轻HANDs中的神经退行性变。LIF促进神经发生、神经细胞分化和存活。联合抗逆转录病毒疗法可减少严重形式的HANDs，但神经认知障碍仍然存在；此外，一些抗逆转录病毒药物还有额外的不良神经毒性作用。在神经炎症模型中，LIF可对抗神经毒性病毒蛋白并限制神经细胞损伤。将LIF作为辅助疗法以增强神经保护作用，值得进一步研究用于管理HANDs。将LIF成功应用于当前疗法将有助于为受影响人群实现更好的生活质量。
