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新型免疫疗法及其联合应用:多发性骨髓瘤治疗的未来前景

Novel Immunotherapies and Combinations: The Future Landscape of Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

作者信息

Morè Sonia, Corvatta Laura, Manieri Valentina Maria, Morsia Erika, Poloni Antonella, Offidani Massimo

机构信息

Clinica di Ematologia Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.

U.O.C. Medicina, Ospedale Profili, 60044 Fabriano, Italy.

出版信息

Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Nov 19;16(11):1628. doi: 10.3390/ph16111628.

Abstract

In multiple myeloma impressive outcomes have improved with the introduction of new therapeutic approaches, mainly those including naked monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab and isatuximab. However, moving to earlier lines of therapy with effective anti-myeloma drugs led to an increase in the number of patients who developed multi-refractoriness to them early on. Currently, triple- or multi-refractory MM represents an unmet medical need, and their management remains a complicated challenge. The recent approval of new immunotherapeutic approaches such as conjugated monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and CAR T cells could be a turning point for these heavily pretreated patients. Nevertheless, several issues regarding their use are unsolved, such as how to select patients for each strategy or how to sequence these therapies within the MM therapeutic landscape. Here we provide an overview of the most recent data about approved conjugated monoclonal antibody belantamab, mafodotin, bispecific antibody teclistamab, and other promising compounds under development, mainly focusing on the ongoing clinical trials with monoclonal antibody combination approaches in advanced and earlier phases of MM treatment.

摘要

在多发性骨髓瘤中,随着新治疗方法的引入,治疗效果有了显著改善,主要是那些包括达雷妥尤单抗和isatuximab等裸单抗的方法。然而,使用有效的抗骨髓瘤药物转向更早的治疗线导致早期对这些药物产生多重难治性的患者数量增加。目前,三重或多重难治性多发性骨髓瘤代表了未满足的医疗需求,对它们的管理仍然是一个复杂的挑战。新的免疫治疗方法如缀合单克隆抗体、双特异性抗体和嵌合抗原受体T细胞的近期获批可能是这些经过大量预处理患者的一个转折点。然而,关于它们的使用仍有几个问题未解决,例如如何为每种策略选择患者,或者如何在多发性骨髓瘤治疗格局中安排这些治疗的顺序。在此,我们概述了已获批的缀合单克隆抗体贝兰他单抗、马福毒素、双特异性抗体替西木单抗以及其他正在研发的有前景的化合物的最新数据,主要关注在多发性骨髓瘤治疗的晚期和早期阶段使用单克隆抗体联合方法的正在进行的临床试验。

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