Gong Yan, Zhang Jiaxin, Chen Yin, Ouyang Dongxu, Chen Mingyi
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Nov 17;15(22):4450. doi: 10.3390/polym15224450.
Composite phase change materials commonly exhibit drawbacks, such as low thermal conductivity, flammability, and potential leakage. This study focuses on the development of a novel flame-retardant phase change material (RPCM). The material's characteristics and its application in the thermal management of lithium-ion batteries are investigated. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) serves as the medium for phase change; expanded graphite (EG) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are incorporated. Moreover, an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is constructed, aided by the inclusion of bio-based flame-retardant chitosan (CS) and barium phytate (PA-Ba), which can improve the flame retardancy of the material. Experimental results demonstrate that the RPCM, containing 15% IFR content, exhibits outstanding flame retardancy, achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating in vertical combustion tests. Moreover, the material exhibits excellent thermomechanical properties and thermal stability. Notably, the material's thermal conductivity is 558% higher than that of pure PEG. After 2C and 3C high-rate discharge cycles, the highest temperature reached by the battery module cooled with RPCM is 18.71 °C lower than that of natural air-cooling; the material significantly reduces the temperature difference within the module by 62.7%, which achieves efficient and safe thermal management.
复合相变材料通常存在一些缺点，如导热率低、易燃性和潜在泄漏问题。本研究聚焦于开发一种新型阻燃相变材料（RPCM）。对该材料的特性及其在锂离子电池热管理中的应用进行了研究。聚乙二醇（PEG）用作相变介质；加入了膨胀石墨（EG）和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）。此外，构建了一种基于聚磷酸铵（APP）的膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）体系，并加入了生物基阻燃剂壳聚糖（CS）和植酸钡（PA-Ba），以提高材料的阻燃性。实验结果表明，IFR含量为15%的RPCM具有出色的阻燃性，在垂直燃烧试验中达到了V-0阻燃等级。此外，该材料还具有优异的热机械性能和热稳定性。值得注意的是，该材料的导热率比纯PEG高558%。在2C和3C高倍率放电循环后，用RPCM冷却的电池模块达到的最高温度比自然风冷低18.71℃；该材料显著降低了模块内的温差，降幅达62.7%，实现了高效且安全的热管理。
