Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Int Immunol. 2024 Jan 29;36(1):33-43. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxad045.
We previously demonstrated that Alcaligenes-derived lipid A (ALA), which is produced from an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacterium, is an effective adjuvant for inducing antigen-specific immune responses. To understand the immunologic characteristics of ALA as a vaccine adjuvant, we here compared the adjuvant activity of ALA with that of a licensed adjuvant (monophosphoryl lipid A, MPLA) in mice. Although the adjuvant activity of ALA was only slightly greater than that of MPLA for subcutaneous immunization, ALA induced significantly greater IgA antibody production than did MPLA during nasal immunization. Regarding the underlying mechanism, ALA increased and activated CD11b+ CD103- CD11c+ dendritic cells in the nasal tissue by stimulating chemokine responses. These findings revealed the superiority of ALA as a mucosal adjuvant due to the unique immunologic functions of ALA in nasal tissue.
我们之前已经证明，源自肠道淋巴组织常驻共生菌的 Alcaligenes 衍生脂质 A（ALA）是一种有效的佐剂，可以诱导抗原特异性免疫反应。为了了解 ALA 作为疫苗佐剂的免疫学特性，我们在这里比较了 ALA 与一种许可的佐剂（单磷酰脂质 A，MPLA）在小鼠中的佐剂活性。虽然 ALA 对皮下免疫的佐剂活性仅略高于 MPLA，但 ALA 在鼻内免疫时诱导的 IgA 抗体产生量明显高于 MPLA。关于其潜在机制，ALA 通过刺激趋化因子反应增加并激活鼻组织中的 CD11b+ CD103-CD11c+树突状细胞。这些发现揭示了 ALA 作为黏膜佐剂的优越性，因为 ALA 在鼻组织中具有独特的免疫学功能。
