视频助理裁判（VAR）是否能减轻职业足球裁判的偏见？
Does the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) mitigate referee bias on professional football?
机构信息
Leeds Beckett University, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds, United Kingdom.
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2023 Nov 27;18(11):e0294507. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294507. eCollection 2023.
The purpose of the paper is to check whether the introduction of the VAR system mitigated the referee bias against away teams. The dataset comprises 2279 matches played in the first tier of the Brazilian League from 2016 to 2021. We analyze 6 seasons of the first tier of the Brazilian domestic football league- 3 seasons before and 3 seasons after the introduction of the VAR technology. Potential bias is viewed through the lens of yellow cards, red cards and number of penalties awarded for both home and away clubs. A paired t-test is used to reveal potential statistical differences between pre-VAR and post-VAR periods, followed by Ordinary Least Squares regressions to inspect whether certain referee' categories have changed their behavior after the implementation of this technology. Our empirical findings offer evidence that the referee bias is diminished, but still present.
本文旨在检验 VAR 系统的引入是否减轻了裁判对客队的偏见。该数据集包括 2016 年至 2021 年巴西甲级联赛的 2279 场比赛。我们分析了巴西国内足球甲级联赛的 6 个赛季，即 VAR 技术引入前 3 个赛季和引入后 3 个赛季。通过黄牌、红牌和判给主场和客场俱乐部的点球数量来看待潜在的偏见。使用配对 t 检验来揭示 VAR 前后时期的潜在统计差异，然后使用普通最小二乘回归来检查在实施这项技术后，某些裁判类别是否改变了他们的行为。我们的实证结果表明，裁判的偏见虽然有所减少，但仍然存在。
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