Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Parasit Vectors. 2023 Nov 27;16(1):438. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-06050-2.
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) can have a significant negative impact on human health. The urbanization of natural environments and their conversion for agricultural use, as well as human population growth, may affect mosquito populations and increase the risk of emerging or re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. We report on the variety and number of adult mosquitoes found in four environments with varying degrees of human impact (rural, urban, rice fields, and forest) located in a savannah zone of West Africa.
Mosquitoes were collected from two regions (Hauts-Bassins and Sud-Ouest) of Burkina Faso during five periods between August 2019 and June 2021. Sampling sites were grouped according to environment. Mosquitoes were collected using BG-Sentinel traps and double net traps, and Prokopack Aspirators. Statistical analyses were performed using R software version 4.1.2. Logistic regression, using generalised mixed linear models, was used to test the effect of environment on mosquito abundance and diversity. Alpha diversity analysis was also performed, using the vegan package.
A total of 10,625 adult mosquitoes were collected, belonging to 33 species and five genera: Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Mansonia, and Ficalbia. The most dominant species were Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles gambiae sensu lato and Aedes aegypti. Alpha diversity was similar in the two regions. Habitat had a significant effect on mosquito species richness, the Shannon index and the Simpson index. The rural environment had the highest species richness (n = 28) followed by the forest environment (n = 24). The highest number of mosquitoes (4977/10,625) was collected in the urban environment.
The species composition of the mosquito populations depended on the type of environment, with fewer species in environments with a high human impact such as urban areas and rice fields. Due to the diversity and abundance of the mosquito vectors, the human populations of all of the environments examined are considered to be at potential risk of mosquito-borne diseases.
蚊子（双翅目：蚊科）会对人类健康造成严重负面影响。自然环境的城市化以及将其转换为农业用途，加上人口增长，可能会影响蚊子种群，并增加新出现或重新出现的蚊媒疾病的风险。我们报告了在西非萨凡纳地区的四个不同人为影响程度的环境（农村、城市、稻田和森林）中发现的成年蚊子的种类和数量。
2019 年 8 月至 2021 年 6 月期间，在布基纳法索的两个地区（上盆地和西南）采集了蚊子。根据环境对采样点进行分组。使用 BG-Sentinel 陷阱和双网陷阱以及 Prokopack 吸气器采集蚊子。使用 R 软件版本 4.1.2 进行统计分析。使用广义混合线性模型的逻辑回归测试环境对蚊子丰度和多样性的影响。还使用 vegan 包进行了 alpha 多样性分析。
共采集到 10625 只成年蚊子，属于 33 种和 5 属：库蚊、伊蚊、疟蚊、曼蚊和菲蚊。最主要的物种是库蚊、曼蚊和疟蚊。两个地区的 alpha 多样性相似。栖息地对蚊子物种丰富度、香农指数和辛普森指数有显著影响。农村环境的物种丰富度最高（n=28），其次是森林环境（n=24）。城市环境采集到的蚊子数量最多（4977/10625）。
蚊子种群的物种组成取决于环境类型，在人为影响较大的环境（如城市和稻田）中，物种较少。由于蚊子传播媒介的多样性和丰度，研究中检查的所有环境中的人类群体都被认为存在蚊媒疾病的潜在风险。
