Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Dushuhu Campus, Suzhou City, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Nov 24;102(47):e35584. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035584.
Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) may be closely related to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The present study aimed to discuss the relationship between EMS and a personal history of NSSI. This was a retrospective study. A total of 1339 Chinese college students between 16 and 29 years old were asked to complete a questionnaire survey regarding their personal history of NSSI and EMSs. 116 college students reported a history of NSSI (NSSI group), who differed significantly in terms of all EMS-related scores than non-NSSI group(n = 1223). Logistic regression analysis showed that the scores in the disconnection/rejection schema domain exhibited by subjects who were the only child in their family could help differentiate between college students with or without NSSI. The emotional deprivation schema was significantly associated with the lifetime frequency of NSSI behaviors; the vulnerability to harm or illness schema was significantly associated with the internal emotion regulation function and pain associated with NSSI; and the enmeshment/underdeveloped self schema was significantly associated with the addictive features of NSSI. The self-sacrifice schema was significantly associated with the external emotion regulation function of NSSI; the enmeshment/underdeveloped self schema was positively related with the sensation-seeking function of NSSI; and the abandonment/instability schema was negatively related the sensation-seeking function of NSSI. The disconnection/rejection schema domain was highly related with NSSI behaviors. EMS is significantly associated with the history, functions, addictive features, and severity of NSSI. Every EMS is worthy of further investigation and discussion with patients in the context of NSSI behaviors during clinical therapy.
早期适应不良模式（EMS）可能与非自杀性自伤（NSSI）密切相关。本研究旨在探讨 EMS 与 NSSI 个人史之间的关系。这是一项回顾性研究。共有 1339 名 16 至 29 岁的中国大学生被要求完成一份关于 NSSI 和 EMS 个人史的问卷。116 名大学生报告有 NSSI 史（NSSI 组），他们在所有与 EMS 相关的评分上与非 NSSI 组（n=1223）有显著差异。Logistic 回归分析显示，家庭中独生子的隔离/拒绝模式评分有助于区分有无 NSSI 的大学生。情感剥夺模式与 NSSI 行为的终生发生频率显著相关；易受伤害或患病模式与 NSSI 相关的内部情绪调节功能和疼痛显著相关；纠缠/不成熟自我模式与 NSSI 的成瘾特征显著相关。自我牺牲模式与 NSSI 的外部情绪调节功能显著相关；纠缠/不成熟自我模式与 NSSI 的感觉寻求功能呈正相关；而放弃/不稳定模式与 NSSI 的感觉寻求功能呈负相关。隔离/拒绝模式域与 NSSI 行为高度相关。EMS 与 NSSI 的历史、功能、成瘾特征和严重程度显著相关。在临床治疗中，每一种 EMS 都值得与 NSSI 患者进一步探讨和讨论。
