Oleś Piotr K, Bartnicka-Michalska Aneta
The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland.
Curr Issues Personal Psychol. 2021 Jun 28;10(1):1-9. doi: 10.5114/cipp.2021.107338. eCollection 2022.
The current culture emphasizes effectiveness and happiness. In this article, we discuss whether it is possible to function optimally in the professional sphere without existential reflection. As we argue, the need for a meaning of life and giving sense to our activity is fundamental. Universal human needs, optimal functioning models, and developmental patterns throughout life support our perspective. The challenges and problems of midlife transition have a common denominator - personalized awareness of life's finiteness and fear of death. During midlife, people need philosophical reflection on values basic for the meaning of life. Referring to Søren Kierkegaard, culture promotes fixation on the aesthetic stage, while personality development leads to the ethical and religious stage. It means profound transformation, striving for internal integration, and stabilizing the person's functioning on higher values. Kierkegaard's philosophical anthropology and existential psychology promote the pattern of conscious, intentional life, and personal growth.
当前的文化强调效率和幸福。在本文中，我们探讨了在没有存在性反思的情况下，是否有可能在职业领域中实现最佳运作。正如我们所论证的，对生命意义的需求以及赋予我们活动以意义是至关重要的。普遍的人类需求、最佳功能模式以及一生的发展模式都支持我们的观点。中年转型期的挑战和问题有一个共同的特点——对生命有限性的个性化认识和对死亡的恐惧。在中年时期，人们需要对生命意义的基本价值观进行哲学反思。参照索伦·克尔凯郭尔的观点，文化促使人们固着于审美阶段，而人格发展则导向伦理和宗教阶段。这意味着深刻的转变、追求内在整合以及使人的功能在更高的价值观上得以稳定。克尔凯郭尔的哲学人类学和存在心理学促进了有意识、有目的的生活模式以及个人成长。
