Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University , Guiyang, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Jan 11;12(1):e0131423. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01314-23. Epub 2023 Nov 28.
Yaks, as ruminants inhabiting high-altitude environments, possess a distinct rumen microbiome and are resistant to extreme living conditions. This study investigated the microbiota, resistome, and functional gene profiles in the rumen of yaks fed milk or milk replacer (MR), providing insights into the regulation of the rumen microbiome and the intervention of antimicrobial resistance in yaks through dietary methods. The abundance of members increased significantly in response to MR. Tetracycline resistance was the most predominant. The rumen of yaks contained multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) originating from different bacteria, which could be driven by MR, and these ARGs displayed intricate and complex interactions. MR also induced changes in functional genes. The enzymes associated with fiber degradation and butyrate metabolism were activated and showed close correlations with members and butyrate concentration. This study allows us to deeply understand the ruminal microbiome and ARGs of yaks and their relationship with rumen bacteria in response to different milk sources.
牦牛作为栖息在高海拔环境中的反刍动物，拥有独特的瘤胃微生物群，能够适应极端的生活条件。本研究调查了以牛奶或牛奶代用品（MR）喂养的牦牛瘤胃中的微生物群、抗药性组和功能基因谱，为通过饮食方法调节牦牛瘤胃微生物群和干预抗药性提供了深入了解。结果表明，MR 显著增加了成员的丰度。四环素抗药性是最主要的。牦牛瘤胃中含有多种来源于不同细菌的抗生素抗药性基因（ARGs），这些基因可能是由 MR 驱动的，并且这些 ARGs 之间存在复杂的相互作用。MR 还诱导了功能基因的变化。与纤维降解和丁酸代谢相关的酶被激活，并与 成员和丁酸浓度密切相关。本研究使我们能够深入了解不同牛奶来源下牦牛瘤胃微生物群和 ARGs 及其与瘤胃细菌的关系。
