Department of Medicine, Section of Respiratory Medicine, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.
Department of Internal Medicine, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark.
BMJ Open Respir Res. 2023 Nov 27;10(1):e001517. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001517.
Persons with bronchiectasis have a high risk of community-acquired pneumonia. Social distancing measures, implemented to prevent the spreading of SARS-CoV-2, could potentially reduce the incidence of other infectious diseases.
Was the COVID-19 lockdown period, along with accompanying social distancing measures, associated with reduced hospital admissions for community-acquired pneumonia and decreased overall mortality rates among individuals with bronchiectasis?
Social distancing measures were introduced in Denmark by 12 March 2020 and were preserved until 20 May 2020 (social distancing period), after which the measures were gradually dismissed. The study included all adults (≥18 years) with bronchiectasis residing in Denmark. Confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were excluded. We retrospectively investigated the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia hospital admission, death of all causes and respiratory antibiotic treatment in the 10-week social distancing period in 2020, compared with the same dates in 2019. 9344 persons were included in the study.
In the social distancing period, the incidence rate of pneumonia-hospitalisation per 10 000 person-weeks was 9.2 compared with 13.8 in the reference period. This reduction corresponds to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.67 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.88, p<0.01). Mortality was unchanged (IRR 0.90, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.32, p=0.58). Fewer persons received respiratory antibiotics (IRR 0.85, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.94, p<0.001).
The social distancing period was associated with a lower incidence of community-acquired pneumonia hospitalisations and respiratory antibiotic treatments in persons with bronchiectasis while all-cause mortality remained unchanged.
患有支气管扩张症的人患社区获得性肺炎的风险很高。为了防止 SARS-CoV-2 的传播而实施的社交距离措施，可能会降低其他传染病的发病率。
COVID-19 封锁期间以及随之而来的社交距离措施是否与支气管扩张症患者的社区获得性肺炎住院人数减少和总死亡率降低有关？
2020 年 3 月 12 日，丹麦开始实施社交距离措施，并一直持续到 2020 年 5 月 20 日（社交距离期间），此后这些措施逐渐取消。该研究纳入了所有居住在丹麦的成年人（≥18 岁）患有支气管扩张症。排除了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的确诊病例。我们回顾性地研究了 2020 年社交距离期间的 10 周内社区获得性肺炎住院、所有原因死亡和呼吸抗生素治疗的发生率，并与 2019 年同期进行了比较。共有 9344 人纳入研究。
在社交距离期间，每 10000 人周的肺炎住院率为 9.2，而参考期为 13.8。这一减少相当于发病率比（IRR）为 0.67（95%CI 0.51 至 0.88，p<0.01）。死亡率保持不变（IRR 0.90，95%CI 0.61 至 1.32，p=0.58）。接受呼吸抗生素治疗的人数减少（IRR 0.85，95%CI 0.78 至 0.94，p<0.001）。
在支气管扩张症患者中，社交距离期间与社区获得性肺炎住院和呼吸抗生素治疗的发生率降低有关，而全因死亡率保持不变。
