Hussain Saddam, Yasin Muhammad Talha, Ahmad Khurshid, Khan Suleman, Ahmad Rasheed, Khan Jallat, Ghani Abdul, Shah Muhammad Musaddiq, Ahmed Muzzamil, Tariq Hasnat, Rehman Hamid, Hussain Adil, Faheem Muhammad, Bokhari Syed Ali Imran
Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2023 Nov 29;21(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s43141-023-00619-1.
Cellulase is an important bioprocessing enzyme used in various industries. This study was conducted with the aim of improving the biodegradation activity of cellulase obtained from the Bacillus subtilis AG-PQ strain. For this purpose, AgO and FeO NPs were fabricated using AgNO and FeSO·7HO salt respectively through a hydro-thermal method based on five major steps; selection of research-grade materials, optimization of temperature, pH, centrifuge, sample washed with distilled water, dry completely in the oven at the optimized temperature and finally ground for characterization. The synthesized NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm the morphology, elemental composition, and structure of the sample respectively. The diameter of the NPs was recorded through SEM which lay in the range of 70-95 nm.
Cultural parameters were optimized to achieve better cellulase production, where incubation time of 56 h, inoculum size of 5%, 1% coconut cake, 0.43% ammonium nitrate, pH 8, and 37 °C temperature were found optimal. The enhancing effect of AgO NPs was observed on cellulase activity (57.804 U/ml/min) at 50 ppm concentration while FeO NPs exhibited an inhibitory effect on cellulase activity at all concentrations. Molecular docking analysis was also performed to understand the underlying mechanism of improved enzymatic activity by nanocatalysts.
This study authenticates AgO NPs as better nanocatalysts for improved thermostable cellulase biodegradation activity with the extraordinary capability to be potentially utilized in bioethanol production.
纤维素酶是一种在各个行业中使用的重要生物加工酶。本研究旨在提高从枯草芽孢杆菌AG-PQ菌株获得的纤维素酶的生物降解活性。为此，分别使用硝酸银和硫酸亚铁·7水合物盐通过水热法基于五个主要步骤制备了AgO和FeO纳米颗粒；选择研究级材料、优化温度、pH值、离心、用蒸馏水洗涤样品、在优化温度下于烘箱中完全干燥并最终研磨以进行表征。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线（EDX）和X射线衍射（XRD）对合成的纳米颗粒进行表征，分别确认样品的形态、元素组成和结构。通过SEM记录纳米颗粒的直径，其范围在70-95纳米之间。
优化培养参数以实现更好的纤维素酶产量，发现56小时的培养时间、5%的接种量、1%的椰子饼、0.43%的硝酸铵、pH值8和37°C的温度是最佳的。在50 ppm浓度下观察到AgO纳米颗粒对纤维素酶活性有增强作用（57.804 U/ml/min），而FeO纳米颗粒在所有浓度下均对纤维素酶活性表现出抑制作用。还进行了分子对接分析以了解纳米催化剂提高酶活性的潜在机制。
本研究证实AgO纳米颗粒是用于改善热稳定纤维素酶生物降解活性的更好纳米催化剂，具有在生物乙醇生产中潜在应用的非凡能力。
