利用指甲花叶水提物合成的银纳米粒子对人头虱和羊蜱的杀虱活性。
Lousicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles using Lawsonia inermis leaf aqueous extract against Pediculus humanus capitis and Bovicola ovis.
机构信息
Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
出版信息
Parasitol Res. 2012 Nov;111(5):2023-33. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2667-y. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
In the present work, we describe inexpensive, nontoxic, unreported and simple procedure for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using leaf aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis as eco-friendly reducing and capping agent. The aim of the present study was to assess the lousicidal activity of synthesized Ag NPs against human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), and sheep body louse, Bovicola ovis Schrank (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae). Direct contact method was conducted to determine the potential of pediculocidal activity and impregnated method was used with slight modifications to improve practicality and efficiency of tested materials of synthesized Ag NPs against B. ovis. The synthesized Ag NPs characterized with the UV showing peak at 426 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra clearly shows that the diffraction peaks in the pattern indexed as the silver with lattice constants. XRD analysis showed intense peaks at 2θ values of 38.34°, 44.59°, 65.04°, and 77.77° corresponding to (111), (200), (220), and (311) Bragg's reflection based on the fcc structure of Ag NPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of Ag NPs exhibited prominent peaks at 3,422.13, 2,924.12, 2,851.76, 1,631.41, 1,381.60, 1,087.11, and 789.55 cm(-1). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph showed mean size of 59.52 nm and aggregates of spherical shape Ag NPs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed the complete chemical composition of the synthesized Ag NPs. In pediculocidal activity, the results showed that the optimal times for measuring percent mortality effects of synthesized Ag NPs were 26, 61, 84, and 100 at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min, respectively. The average percent mortality for synthesized Ag NPs was 33, 84, 91, and 100 at 10, 15, 20, and 35 min, respectively against B. ovis. The maximum activity was observed in the aqueous leaf extract of L. inermis, 1 mM AgNO(3) solution, and synthesized Ag NPs against P. humanus capitis with LC(50) values of 18.26, 7.77, and 1.33 mg l(-1) and r (2) values of 0.863, 0.900, and 0.803 and against B. ovis showed with LC(50) values of 21.19, 8.49, and 1.41 mg l(-1) and r (2) values of 0.920, 0.938 and 0.870, respectively. The findings revealed that synthesized Ag NPs possess excellent anti-lousicidal activity.
在本工作中，我们描述了一种使用指甲花叶水提物作为环保还原剂和稳定剂合成银纳米粒子（Ag NPs）的廉价、无毒、未报道和简单的方法。本研究的目的是评估合成的 Ag NPs 对人体头虱（Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer）和绵羊体虱（Bovicola ovis Schrank）的杀虱活性。采用直接接触法测定杀虱活性，并用稍作修改的浸渍法提高了合成 Ag NPs 对 B. ovis 的实用性和效率。合成的 Ag NPs 的紫外光谱显示出 426nm 的峰值。X 射线衍射（XRD）图谱清楚地表明，衍射峰可索引为具有晶格常数的银。XRD 分析显示，在对应于 Ag NPs 的 fcc 结构的 2θ 值为 38.34°、44.59°、65.04°和 77.77°处的强峰。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）图谱显示 Ag NPs 在 3422.13、2924.12、2851.76、1631.41、1381.60、1087.11 和 789.55cm(-1)处具有明显的峰。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显微照片显示平均粒径为 59.52nm 的球形 Ag NPs 聚集物。能量色散 X 射线能谱（EDX）显示了合成的 Ag NPs 的完整化学成分。在杀虱活性方面，结果表明，测量合成 Ag NPs 致死效果的最佳时间分别为 5、10、15 和 20min 时的 26、61、84 和 100min。合成 Ag NPs 在 10、15、20 和 35min 时的平均致死率分别为 33%、84%、91%和 100%，对 B. ovis 具有最大活性。在指甲花叶水提物、1mM AgNO3溶液和合成 Ag NPs 中对 P. humanus capitis 的最大活性分别为 18.26、7.77 和 1.33mg l(-1)，r (2)值分别为 0.863、0.900 和 0.803，对 B. ovis 的活性分别为 21.19、8.49 和 1.41mg l(-1)，r (2)值分别为 0.920、0.938 和 0.870。研究结果表明，合成的 Ag NPs 具有优异的抗虱活性。
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