Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Addict Biol. 2023 Dec;28(12):e13345. doi: 10.1111/adb.13345.
Alcohol has been linked to both positive (e.g., sociability) and negative (e.g., aggression) social outcomes, and researchers have proposed that alcohol-induced changes in emotion recognition may partially explain these effects. Here, we systematically review alcohol administration studies to clarify the acute effects of alcohol on emotion recognition. We also investigate various moderator variables (i.e., sex, study quality, study design, alcohol dosage, emotion recognition task and outcome measure). PsycINFO, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched following a pre-registered PROSPERO protocol (CRD42021225392) and PRISMA methodology. Analyses focused on differences in emotion recognition between participants consuming alcoholic and/or non-alcoholic (i.e., placebo or no-alcohol control) beverages. Nineteen unique samples (N = 1271 participants) were derived from 17 articles (two articles included two studies, each conducted on a unique sample). Data were extracted for sample characteristics, alcohol administration methods and emotion recognition tasks and outcomes. All studies compared an alcoholic beverage to a placebo beverage and used tasks that asked participants to identify emotions from images or videos of facial expressions. Otherwise, methodologies varied substantially across studies, including the alcohol dosage(s) tested, the specific emotion recognition task(s) used and the outcome variable(s) assessed. No consistent effects of alcohol on emotion recognition emerged for any emotion. None of the moderator variables affected the findings, except for some indication that alcohol may affect males' emotion recognition abilities more so than females. Alcohol does not appear to consistently affect positive or negative emotion recognition of facial expressions, at least with the tasks currently used in the field.
酒精与积极的（例如社交性）和消极的（例如攻击性）社会结果有关，研究人员提出，酒精引起的情绪识别变化可能部分解释了这些影响。在这里，我们系统地回顾了酒精给药研究，以阐明酒精对情绪识别的急性影响。我们还调查了各种调节变量（即性别、研究质量、研究设计、酒精剂量、情绪识别任务和结果测量）。在预注册的 PROSPERO 方案（CRD42021225392）和 PRISMA 方法的指导下，我们在 PsyCINFO、PubMed 和 Google Scholar 上进行了搜索。分析集中在饮用含酒精和/或不含酒精（即安慰剂或无酒精对照）饮料的参与者之间情绪识别的差异。从 17 篇文章中得出了 19 个独特的样本（N=1271 名参与者）（两篇文章包含两项研究，每项研究都针对一个独特的样本）。提取了样本特征、酒精给药方法和情绪识别任务和结果的数据。所有研究都将含酒精饮料与安慰剂饮料进行了比较，并使用要求参与者从面部表情的图像或视频中识别情绪的任务。否则，研究方法在很大程度上存在差异，包括测试的酒精剂量、使用的特定情绪识别任务和评估的结果变量。对于任何情绪，酒精对情绪识别都没有一致的影响。除了一些迹象表明酒精可能对男性的情绪识别能力影响更大而不是女性之外，没有任何调节变量影响研究结果。至少在目前该领域使用的任务中，酒精似乎不会一致影响面部表情的积极或消极情绪识别。
