Two-dimensional spatial coherence measurement of X-ray sources using aperture array mask.

Fourth-generation synchrotron radiation delivers x-ray sources with unprecedented coherence and brilliance, which enables the development of many advanced coherent techniques taking advantage of the inherent high coherence of the x-ray beams. Simple and accurate measurement of two-dimensional (2D) coherence is of utmost importance for the applications of these coherent experimental techniques. Here, we propose a novel approach based on diffraction of aperture array mask (AAM) to obtain accurate 2D spatial coherence with a single-shot measurement. We utilize a coherent mode decomposition algorithm to simulate the diffraction of AAM illuminated by Gaussian-Schell model beam and demonstrate that spatial coherence function of the incident light beam can be accurately and robustly retrieved. We expect that this new approach will be applied into transverse coherence measurements for the new-generation synchrotron radiation source and relevant coherent experimental techniques.