Fryc I, Listowski M, Supronowicz R
Opt Express. 2023 Nov 6;31(23):38666-38687. doi: 10.1364/OE.504818.
The color matching possibilities between (reference) phosphor-converted LEDs (pc-LEDs) and replacement metameric LEDs made by color mixing technology (cm-LEDs) were evaluated in the classical 20th century CIE 1976 color space developed for perpendicular viewing (based on a 2° colorimetric observer) and in the latest CIE 2015 cone fundamental color space developed for wide field of view observers (10° colorimetric observer). For each given pc-LED 10 different sets of cm-LEDs were designed and evaluated for color consistency in 2°and 10° color spaces. There were 10 different B-color LEDs considered along with constant RGA LEDs. There are thousands of possible distributions that are metameric in the CIE 1976 color space and thousands of possible distributions that are metameric in the CIE 2015 color space for each set of LEDs. From the population of SPDs, we selected 10 metameric SPDs characterized by maximum differences between chromaticities. The results provide evidence that evaluating LED color consistency based only on the CIE 1976 color space is not fully informative because it may provide inaccurate information about light color consistency when the observer has a wide field of view. There are cases showed in this paper where cm-LEDs are color consistent in the CIE 2015 color space but are not color consistent in the CIE 1976 color space and vice versa. Including color consistency in the new CIE 2015 color space should be treated as an additional evaluation tool proving the user additional information relevant to the intended use of the LED. The results illustrate differences in LED color consistency evaluated in different color spaces and provides incentive go beyond the 20th century color space in the evaluation of cm-LED color consistency.
在为垂直观察（基于2°色度观察者）开发的20世纪经典CIE 1976颜色空间以及为宽视场观察者（10°色度观察者）开发的最新CIE 2015锥体基本颜色空间中，评估了（参考）磷光转换发光二极管（pc-LED）与通过颜色混合技术制造的替代同色异谱发光二极管（cm-LED）之间的颜色匹配可能性。对于每个给定的pc-LED，设计了10组不同的cm-LED，并在2°和10°颜色空间中评估其颜色一致性。考虑了10种不同的B色LED以及恒定的RGA LED。对于每组LED，在CIE 1976颜色空间中有数千种可能的同色异谱分布，在CIE 2015颜色空间中也有数千种可能的同色异谱分布。从光谱功率分布总体中，我们选择了10种以色度最大差异为特征的同色异谱光谱功率分布。结果表明，仅基于CIE 1976颜色空间评估LED颜色一致性并不完全具有信息性，因为当观察者具有宽视场时，它可能会提供有关光颜色一致性的不准确信息。本文展示了一些案例，其中cm-LED在CIE 2015颜色空间中颜色一致，但在CIE 1976颜色空间中颜色不一致，反之亦然。将新的CIE 2015颜色空间中的颜色一致性作为一种额外的评估工具，可为用户提供与LED预期用途相关的额外信息。结果说明了在不同颜色空间中评估的LED颜色一致性差异，并促使在评估cm-LED颜色一致性时超越20世纪的颜色空间。
