Feng Xiaochen, Méndez-Sánchez Daniel, Zhuang Wenbao, Li Ran, Pomahač Ondřej, Čepička Ivan, Rotterová Johana, Hu Xiaozhong
College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2024 Mar-Apr;71(2):e13014. doi: 10.1111/jeu.13014. Epub 2023 Nov 29.
The morphology, morphogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new metopid ciliate, Castula specialis sp. nov., comprising three strains from geographically distant (China, Mexico, Czech Republic) anoxic freshwater habitats, were studied based on microscopic observation of live and protargol-stained specimens as well as SSU rRNA gene sequence data. The new species is characterized as follows: size in vivo 105-220 × 25-70 μm, body oblong to elongated ellipsoidal and asymmetrical; preoral dome distinctly projecting beyond the body; 32-46 adoral membranelles; 31-52 somatic kineties; and 4-7 setae. This study brings the first morphogenetic investigation of a member of the genus Castula. The morphogenesis of the type population (China) of the new species proceeds as in Metopus spp. comprising drastic changes in body shape and a pleurotelokinetal stomatogenesis; however, the main difference is the origin of the opisthe's paroral membrane that derives from all perizonal rows and some adjacent dome kineties. Phylogenetically, the genus Castula is paraphyletic.
对一种新的间口类纤毛虫——特殊卡氏虫（Castula specialis sp. nov.）进行了形态学、形态发生学和分子系统发育研究，该纤毛虫包含来自地理上相距遥远（中国、墨西哥、捷克共和国）的缺氧淡水生境的三个菌株，研究基于对活体和经原银染的标本的显微镜观察以及小亚基核糖体RNA（SSU rRNA）基因序列数据。新物种的特征如下：活体大小为105 - 220×25 - 70μm，身体呈长方形至细长椭圆形且不对称；口前穹明显突出于身体之外；有32 - 46个口侧膜；31 - 52列体动基列；以及4 - 7根刚毛。本研究首次对卡氏虫属的一个成员进行了形态发生学研究。新物种模式种群（中国）的形态发生过程与间口虫属（Metopus spp.）的情况相同，包括身体形状的剧烈变化和侧尾动基口发生；然而，主要区别在于后仔虫的副口膜的起源，它源自所有围口区列和一些相邻的穹动基列。在系统发育上，卡氏虫属是并系的。
