J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2024;39(6):552-560. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000001067. Epub 2023 Nov 29.
Adequate energy intake is essential for good clinical outcomes. The association between energy intake and readmission burden of patients with heart failure (HF) still needs to be clarified.
In this study, our aim was to determine the association between energy intake and readmission in patients with HF.
A total of 311 inpatients with HF were recruited. Demographic and clinical information were collected during hospitalization; the daily diets of the participants were collected in the second week after discharge using the 3-day diet record, and the energy intake was calculated using a standardized nutrition calculator. The inadequate energy intake was defined as <70% × 25 kcal/kg of ideal body weight. The participants were followed up for 12 weeks after discharge. The number, reasons, and length of stay of unplanned readmissions were collected. Regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between inadequate energy intake, and readmission rate and readmission days.
The median of the energy intake of participants was 1032 (interquartile range, 809-1266) kcal/d. The prevalence of inadequate energy intake was 40%. Patients with inadequate energy intake had a higher risk of unplanned readmission (odds ratio, 5.616; 95% confidence interval, 3.015-10.462; P < .001) and more readmission days (incidence rate ratio, 5.226; 95% confidence interval, 3.829-7.134, P < .001) after adjusting for potential confounders.
Patients with HF had a high incidence of inadequate dietary energy intake, and it increases the burden of readmission.
足够的能量摄入对良好的临床结局至关重要。心力衰竭（HF）患者的能量摄入与再入院负担之间的关系仍需阐明。
本研究旨在确定 HF 患者的能量摄入与再入院之间的关系。
共纳入 311 例 HF 住院患者。在住院期间收集人口统计学和临床信息；在出院后第二周使用 3 天饮食记录收集参与者的日常饮食，并使用标准化营养计算器计算能量摄入。能量摄入不足定义为<70%×25kcal/kg 理想体重。在出院后对参与者进行了 12 周的随访。收集了未计划再入院的次数、原因和住院天数。回归分析用于评估能量摄入不足与再入院率和再入院天数之间的关系。
参与者的能量摄入中位数为 1032（四分位距，809-1266）kcal/d。能量摄入不足的发生率为 40%。能量摄入不足的患者未计划再入院的风险更高（优势比，5.616；95%置信区间，3.015-10.462；P<0.001），再入院天数更多（发生率比，5.226；95%置信区间，3.829-7.134，P<0.001），调整了潜在混杂因素后。
HF 患者的饮食能量摄入不足发生率较高，这增加了再入院的负担。
