Department of Pharmacy, The 926th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Kaiyuan, Yunan, China.
PeerJ. 2023 Nov 14;11:e16398. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16398. eCollection 2023.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a pivotal role in protein synthesis, folding, and modification. Under stress conditions such as oxidative stress and inflammation, the ER can become overwhelmed, leading to an accumulation of misfolded proteins and ensuing ER stress. This triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) designed to restore ER homeostasis. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a spectrum disorder resulting from chronic alcohol consumption, encompasses conditions from fatty liver and alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis. Metabolites of alcohol can incite oxidative stress and inflammation in hepatic cells, instigating ER stress. Prolonged alcohol exposure further disrupts protein homeostasis, exacerbating ER stress which can lead to irreversible hepatocellular damage and ALD progression. Elucidating the contribution of ER stress to ALD pathogenesis may pave the way for innovative therapeutic interventions. This review delves into ER stress, its basic signaling pathways, and its role in the alcoholic liver injury.
内质网 (ER) 在蛋白质合成、折叠和修饰中起着关键作用。在氧化应激和炎症等应激条件下，内质网可能不堪重负，导致错误折叠的蛋白质积累和随之而来的内质网应激。这会触发未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR)，旨在恢复内质网的平衡。酒精性肝病 (ALD) 是一种由慢性饮酒引起的谱障碍，包括从脂肪肝和酒精性肝炎到肝硬化的各种疾病。酒精的代谢物会在肝细胞中引发氧化应激和炎症，引发内质网应激。长期饮酒进一步破坏蛋白质的动态平衡，加剧内质网应激，导致不可逆转的肝细胞损伤和 ALD 进展。阐明内质网应激对 ALD 发病机制的贡献可能为创新的治疗干预铺平道路。本综述深入探讨了内质网应激、其基本信号通路以及在酒精性肝损伤中的作用。
