Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
Gulf of Guinea University Institute, Institute of Applied Science, Douala, Cameroon.
Int J Clin Pract. 2023 Nov 24;2023:5998727. doi: 10.1155/2023/5998727. eCollection 2023.
To determine the prevalence rate of HIV and diabetes among tuberculosis (TB) patients and also the comorbidity rate.
Cross-sectional study. . This study was carried out at the Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Regional Hospital Bamenda, North West Region of Cameroon, from January 2017 to December 2019. . 1115 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis aged ≥14 years (mean 42.5 ± 15.28 years).
Sputum samples collected were acid-fast stained and examined macroscopically as well as inoculated for culture. A chest X-ray was performed for further confirmation of TB diagnosis. After the TB diagnosis was done, fasting blood glucose, 2 h-PG test, HbA1c, and biochemical enzymatic tests were performed for the diagnosis of diabetes. Rapid strip test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to diagnose HIV infection. . No intervention was done during the period of study. . The prevalence of TB/HIV and TB/HIV/DM, signs and symptoms, imaging results, and bacteriology status among TB/HIV, TB/HIV/DM coinfected, and comorbidity cases.
Of 1115 participants, 38.57% had TB/HIV, and 5.83% had TB/HIV/DM. Among TB/HIV/DM cases, 20.39% had a cough for more than 2 weeks [ < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 4.866 (3.170-7.404)], and 35.71% had a fever for at least 2 weeks [ < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 7.824 (5.336-11.36)]. The majority of TB/HIV/DM patients (77.42%) had chest pain for at least 2 weeks [ < 0.0001; OR (95%CI): 114.3 (59.78-207.1)]. 7.41%, 14.18%, and 9.09% of TB/HIV/DM, respectively, had chest abnormality, positive smear, and positive culture ( = 0.018). Significant differences were observed between signs and symptoms, imaging results, bacteriology, treatment history for TB cases and those with HIV and/or DM, and those without HIV and/or DM coinfection and comorbidity.
This study reports a high prevalence of DM comorbidity and HIV coinfection among active TB patients in the North West Region of Cameroon as well as TB/HIV/DM comorbidity.
确定结核病（TB）患者中 HIV 和糖尿病的流行率以及合并症发生率。
横断面研究。这项研究于 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月在喀麦隆西北部班马姆巴地区医院结核病参考实验室进行。纳入了 1115 例年龄≥14 岁的肺结核患者（平均年龄 42.5±15.28 岁）。
收集的痰液样本进行抗酸染色并进行宏观检查，以及进行培养接种。对所有患者进行胸部 X 光检查以进一步确认结核病诊断。在进行结核病诊断后，对所有患者进行空腹血糖、2 小时餐后血糖检测、糖化血红蛋白和生化酶学检测以诊断糖尿病。使用快速条带检测和酶联免疫吸附试验检测 HIV 感染。研究期间未进行任何干预。
在 1115 名参与者中，38.57%的患者患有 TB/HIV，5.83%的患者患有 TB/HIV/DM。在 TB/HIV/DM 患者中，20.39%的患者咳嗽超过 2 周[<0.0001；比值比（95%置信区间）：4.866（3.170-7.404）]，35.71%的患者发热至少 2 周[<0.0001；比值比（95%置信区间）：7.824（5.336-11.36）]。大多数 TB/HIV/DM 患者（77.42%）至少有 2 周胸痛[<0.0001；比值比（95%置信区间）：114.3（59.78-207.1）]。分别有 7.41%、14.18%和 9.09%的 TB/HIV/DM 患者存在胸部异常、阳性涂片和阳性培养（=0.018）。在 TB 病例的体征和症状、影像学结果、细菌学、TB 治疗史以及与 HIV 和/或 DM 无合并感染和合并症患者之间存在显著差异。
本研究报告了喀麦隆西北部地区活动期结核病患者中糖尿病合并症和 HIV 合并感染以及 TB/HIV/DM 合并症的高患病率。
