School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Department of International Trade and Finance, School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Sustainable Energy and Economic Development, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Feb;351:119648. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119648. Epub 2023 Dec 5.
Against the backdrop of the great challenge of climate change and growing global environmental concerns, this study deals a systematic literature review of research related to Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) from 1991 to 2023, details the background, definition, significance, critiques, theoretical foundations and model specifications of EKC, and summarizes the data, variables, econometric methods and findings used in over 100 EKC studies. This study focuses on EKC studies that examine the relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and environmental degradation, with most of the studies reviewed using global pollutants (carbon emissions) to measure the level of environmental degradation. This study found that EKC still has great research potential, and with the development of energy diversification, energy consumption in EKC studies have been further subdivided into renewable or non-renewable energy consumption; innovative EKC studies in the last few years have favoured the use of novel environmental and economic indicators and econometric method, and have validated the existence of EKC at the sectoral level rather than the national level. Finally, the present study summarizes the development and innovations of EKC and provides suggestions for future research aimed at advancing the development of EKC and environmental management.
在气候变化的巨大挑战和日益增长的全球环境问题的背景下，本研究对 1991 年至 2023 年期间与环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）相关的研究进行了系统的文献综述，详细介绍了 EKC 的背景、定义、意义、批评、理论基础和模型规范，并总结了 100 多项 EKC 研究中使用的数据、变量、计量经济学方法和发现。本研究重点关注了能源消费、经济增长和环境恶化之间关系的 EKC 研究，其中大多数综述的研究使用全球污染物（碳排放）来衡量环境恶化的程度。本研究发现，EKC 仍然具有很大的研究潜力，随着能源多样化的发展，EKC 研究中的能源消费进一步细分为可再生或不可再生能源消费；近年来创新的 EKC 研究倾向于使用新颖的环境和经济指标和计量经济学方法，并在部门层面而不是国家层面验证了 EKC 的存在。最后，本研究总结了 EKC 的发展和创新，并为未来旨在推进 EKC 和环境管理发展的研究提供了建议。
