Murillo-Llorente María Teresa, Caballero Coloma Nerea, Tomás-Aguirre Francisco, Tejeda-Adell Manuel, Ventura Ignacio, Perez-Bermejo Marcelino
SONEV Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Quevedo nº 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Quevedo nº 2, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Nov 23;11(23):3022. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11233022.
The situation of social exclusion in which older adults live in extreme poverty is a problem that leads to psychological alterations such as depression or cognitive deterioration. Our objective was to analyze the living conditions and the psychosocial sphere of older adult people living in extreme poverty in Requena del Tapiche in Peru. This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Sixty participants between 60 and 100 years of age of both sexes were included who gave their informed consent. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, and the Gijón, family Apgar, Yesavage, and Pfeiffer scales were used. The sample was composed of 55% women and 45% men, with a mean age of 79.2 years (SD 6.67). More than half live alone or with their spouse. Fifty-seven percent sleep on the floor or on wood, and about 82% do not have safe water. Family dysfunction is found in 40%, and 98% are at social risk or with an established social problem and a precarious economic situation. More than 60% suffer from depressive symptoms, which are more frequent in women. We conclude that older adults perceive deficient family support, observing a deteriorated social situation. Most of them are at risk of social exclusion and loneliness, making them more vulnerable. They show sadness, with a high rate of depression. People with more cognitive impairment live alone, and those in social exclusion suffer a higher degree of depression. More cooperative projects and health promotion interventions developed in the peripheral neighborhoods of Requena del Tapiche are needed to improve the impact on the health of older adult people in extreme poverty.
老年人生活在极端贫困中的社会排斥状况是一个导致诸如抑郁或认知衰退等心理变化的问题。我们的目标是分析秘鲁雷凯纳德尔塔皮切处于极端贫困中的老年人的生活条件和心理社会领域。这是一项观察性、描述性横断面研究。纳入了60名年龄在60至100岁之间的男女参与者，他们均给予了知情同意。分析了社会人口统计学变量，并使用了希洪、家庭阿普加、耶萨维奇和 Pfeiffer 量表。样本中女性占55%，男性占45%，平均年龄为79.2岁（标准差6.67）。超过一半的人独自生活或与配偶一起生活。57%的人睡在地板上或木头上，约82%的人没有安全饮用水。40%的人存在家庭功能障碍，98%的人处于社会风险中或存在既定的社会问题且经济状况不稳定。超过60%的人有抑郁症状，女性中更为常见。我们得出结论，老年人认为家庭支持不足，观察到社会状况恶化。他们中的大多数人面临社会排斥和孤独的风险，使他们更加脆弱。他们表现出悲伤，抑郁率很高。认知障碍更严重的人独自生活，处于社会排斥中的人抑郁程度更高。需要在雷凯纳德尔塔皮切的周边社区开展更多合作项目和健康促进干预措施，以改善对极端贫困老年人健康的影响。
