Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-060, Brazil; Human Movement Science and Rehabilitation Program, Federal University of São Paulo, Avenida Sena Madureira 1500, Brazil.
Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-060, Brazil.
Physiol Behav. 2024 Feb 1;274:114428. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114428. Epub 2023 Dec 6.
Mental fatigue reduces exercise performance through an impaired psychological response such as increased perceived exertion. Carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinses improve exercise performance and perceived exertion likely due to an improved activation in cerebral reward areas, then we investigated if the CHO mouth rinse-improved exercise performance in mentally fatigued individuals was associated with ameliorated reward-related psychological responses. We hypothesised that CHO mouth rinse would be beneficial for mentally fatigued cyclists mainly in high-metabolic disturbance intensities. After familiarization and baseline sessions, well trained cyclists (n = 20) performed a maximal incremental test (MIT) after mental fatigue induction. They completed the MIT either without mouth rinse (MF) or rinsing their mouth with CHO (MF+CHO) or placebo (FM+PLA) solutions at every 25 % of the MIT. Psychological responses such as ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), affective valence, emotional arousal, and motivation were assessed throughout the MIT, while performance was assessed as peak power output and time of exercise. Mental fatigue reduced MIT performance (P < 0.05), but CHO mouth rinse was effective to counteract this deleterious mental fatigue effect (P < 0.05). However, we found null effects of CHO mouth rinses in psychological responses above the VT (P > 0.05) such as RPE, affective valence, emotional arousal, and motivation. Correlational analysis showed a significant, but moderate negative correlation between motivation and time of exercise above the VT when participants used CHO mouth rinse. In conclusion, the ergogenic CHO mouth rinse effects on MIT performance of mentally fatigued cyclists were irrespective of ameliorated psychological responses to exercise.
精神疲劳通过心理反应受损降低运动表现，例如增加感知的努力程度。碳水化合物（CHO）口漱液可改善运动表现和感知的努力程度，可能是由于大脑奖励区域的激活改善，那么我们研究了 CHO 口漱液是否能改善精神疲劳个体的运动表现与改善与奖励相关的心理反应有关。我们假设 CHO 口漱液对精神疲劳的自行车运动员有益，主要是在高代谢干扰强度下。在熟悉和基线阶段后，经过训练的自行车运动员（n=20）在精神疲劳诱导后进行最大增量测试（MIT）。他们在 MIT 进行时，每 25%的 MIT 时间内用 CHO（MF+CHO）或安慰剂（FM+PLA）溶液漱口，要么不漱口（MF）。整个 MIT 过程中评估了心理反应，如感知的努力程度（RPE）、情感效价、情绪唤醒和动机，而运动表现则评估为峰值功率输出和运动时间。精神疲劳降低了 MIT 表现（P < 0.05），但 CHO 口漱液有效抵消了这种有害的精神疲劳影响（P < 0.05）。然而，我们发现 CHO 口漱液在 VT 以上的心理反应中没有效果（P > 0.05），例如 RPE、情感效价、情绪唤醒和动机。相关分析显示，当参与者使用 CHO 口漱液时，动机与 VT 以上的运动时间之间存在显著但中等强度的负相关。总之，CHO 口漱液对精神疲劳自行车运动员 MIT 表现的有益作用与运动时心理反应的改善无关。
